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Aditya Hrudayam āditya hṛdayam, which literally means the heart of āditya or the Sun, is a powerful hymn for a healthy life. Sage Agasthya Muni gave this powerful Mantra to Sri Rama when Rama was perplexed, while fighting with Ravana. After chanting this Hymn three times Sri Rama defeated Ravana. āditya hṛdayam is a hymn in glorification of the Sun or Surya and was recited by the great sage Agastya to Lord Rama on the battlefield before fighting with Ravana. This historic hymn starts at the beginning of the Battle with Ravana, when Lord Rama is fatigued and getting ready to fight. The mystical hymn is directed to the Sun God, the illustrious lord of all victories. dhyānam tatō yuddha pariśrāntaṃ samarē chintayā sthitam । tatō yuddha pariśrāntaṃ - At that battle ground;samarē chintayā sthitam - with great worry engulfing in the battle; rāvaṇaṃ chāgratō dṛṣṭvā - gazing at Ravana with single minded attention; yuddhāya samupasthitam - having prepared to fight. After getting exhausted in the battle and on seeing Ravana, who was duly prepared and reached the battle ground, Rama stood in the war with a deep thought. daivataiścha samāgamya draṣṭumabhyāgatō raṇam । daivataiścha samāgamya - Came along with the Devas to witness the war; draṣṭumabhyāgatō raṇam - seen Rama depressed; upāgamyā-bravīdrāmam - met him along; agastyō bhagavān ṛṣiḥ - the cosmic Rushi Agasthya. (Seeing this) Bhagavan Sage Agastya, who came along with the Gods to see the battle, approached Rama and spoke to him. rāma rāma mahābāhō śṛṇu guhyaṃ sanātanam । rāma rāma – Oh Rama; mahābāhō – with strong arms; śruṇu – listen to; guhyaṃ – secret; sanātanama – ancient, very old; yēna – with which; sarvān arīn – perennial enemies; vatsa – Oh (my) child; samarē – in the battle; vijayiṣayasi – be victorious. Rama, O Rama, the elegant one with great shoulders, listen to this eternal secret, by which, you, my child, can be victorious on all your enemies in the war. āditya hṛdayaṃ puṇyaṃ sarvaśatru vināśanam । āditya hṛdayaṃ – Aditya Hrudayam; puṇyam – holy, meritorious, virtuous; sarva – all, at all times; śatru – enemy; vināśanam – destruction, annihilation; jayāvahaṃ – jayā+āvaham – invite success, victory; japē – chant; nityam – everyday; akṣayam – eternal; paramam – absolute; śivam – bliss. This holy Aditya hrudayam can destroy all the enemies. By chanting this stotram daily can bring victory to you all the time without much effort and gives you unending felicity. sarvamaṅgaḻa māṅgaḻyaṃ sarva pāpa praṇāśanam । sarva – all; maṅgala – prosperity; māṅgalyaṃ – auspiciousness; sarva – all; pāpa – sins; praṇāśanam – annihilate, causing to disappear; chintā – worries; śōka – sorrows; praśamanam – pacify, heal, quench; āyuḥ – longevity; vardhana – extend, causing to increase; uttamam – very good. This holy hymn is always auspicious, brings prosperity, destroys all the sins, which can alleviate worry and sorrows, bestows wellbeing and longevity, a superior one (among the stotras). raśmimantaṃ samudyantaṃ dēvāsura namaskṛtam । raśmimantaṃ – Filled with rays (of light); samudyantaṃ – shines equally, symmetrical; dēvāsura (dēva+asura)- Devas & Asuras; namaskṛtam – worship him; pūjayasva – worthy of worship; vivasvantaṃ – Vivaswan, one who is effulgent, bright; bhāskaraṃ – Bhaskara, one who is glitters; bhuvanēśvaram bhuvana + īśvaram – lord of the world. This hymn is on the one, who raises up with glorious rays, who is bowed both by the Gods and demons. You worship him, the one who can cover the tejas of other, The Lord Bhaskara, The giver of the light to the Lokas. sarvadēvātmakō hyēṣa tējasvī raśmibhāvanaḥ । sarva – All; dēvātmakaḥ (dēva + ātmakaḥ) – devas, Gods; ātmakaḥ – essence, embodiment; hyēṣa (ēṣaḥ) – This person; tējasvī – Brightest; raśmi – Light rays; bhāvanaḥ – manifest, discern; ēṣa – This person; dēvāsura – Devas and asuras; gaṇān – group, tribe; lōkān – worlds; pāti – protects; gabhastibhiḥ – with his rays. The one who is the embodied form of all the Devas, the self-luminous, who energizes all the beings with his rays, who can protects the Deva and Asura ganas of all the Lokas with his rays. ēṣa brahmā cha viṣṇuścha śivaḥ skandaḥ prajāpatiḥ । ēṣa – He, This person; brahmā – Brahma; cha – and; viṣṇuścha – viṣṇuḥ + cha – Vishnu and; śivaḥ – Shiva; skandaḥ – Skanda, Karthikeya; prajāpatiḥ – Vedic deity, Progenitor of Human Race, Lord of all creartures; mahēndrō – Devendra; dhanadaḥ – Lord of wealth, Kubera; kālaḥ – Eternal Time, Kala; yamaḥ – Lord Yama; sōmaḥ – Lord Chandra; apāṃ – Varuna; patiḥ – Lord, Master. The one who himself is the essence of Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Skanda(Kumara- son of God Shiva), Prajapathi (Lord of born beings), Mahendra (King of the Devas), Kubera (Dhanadaha, In charge of the wealth), Kala (eternal time), Yama (the Lord of death), Chandra (Soma, the moon God), The in charge of the waters (Varuna or Hyapampathi). pitarō vasavaḥ sādhyā hyaśvinau marutō manuḥ । pitaraḥ – Ancestor; vasavaḥ – Elemental Gods or the attendant detities of Lord Indira. Refers to Ashtavasus, the five elemental gods Prithvi, Agni, Vayu, Varuna, Akasha, and Sun, Moon, and Stars.; sādhyā – Sadhyas are the 12 vedic gods of Yajnas; aśvinau – Ashwini twins – The divine twin horsemen who are the Vedic Gods of Medicine; marutaḥ – Maruts – Storm deities. They are very aggressive and violent deities armed with lightening and thunderbolt; manuḥ – Manu – Progenitor of the current human race; vāyurvahniḥ vāyuḥ+vahniḥ – Vayu, the wind God and Agni the fire God; prajā – Humans, living beings; prāṇa – Life breath; ṛtu – seasons; kartā – Creator; This is scientifically true also as the tilt in Earth’s axis in relation to its orbit around the sun is what causes seasons.; prabhākaraḥ – Lord Surya, the giver of light. The one who is indeed the Pitaro (Ancestral manes), eight Vasava’s (givers of treasures), Sandhyas (semidivine yoginis), Ashwini devas (the physicians of celestials), Marutas (deities of storm), Manu (progenitor of human race), Vayu (God of wind), Agni (God of fire), Prajaprana (maker of the vital air of sustenance in living beings), Ruthukartha (maker of seasons), Prabhakara (the giver of the light). ādityaḥ savitā sūryaḥ khagaḥ pūṣā gabhastimān । ādityaḥ – Surya, the son of Aditi; savitā – bright; sūryaḥ – Supreme light; khagaḥ – object (bird) that moves in space (air); pūṣā – nourisher; gabhastimān – shining rays; suvarṇa – Gold; sadṛśaḥ – resembles; bhānu – Sun; hiraṇya – Golden; rētā – seed; divākaraḥ – Day maker. The one who is Aditya (Son of Aditi), the creator of universe, Surya (the inspirer of actions of the beings), Khaga (wanderer in sky), Pusha (the one who sustains the earth by initiating rains), the one with rays. O the Lord, who radiates like gold, the luminous one, the one who contains the generative fluid as gold, the Divakara (maker of the day). haridaśvaḥ sahasrārchiḥ saptasapti-rmarīchimān । haridaśvaḥ harida+ aśvaḥ – horses that are fallow(pale brown) colored. Fallow is the color of sandy soil; sahasrārchiḥ – one who has a thousand rays (infinite); saptasaptiḥ – one who has seven of the same kind ( seven horses, seven rays); marīchimān – radiant; timiraḥ – darkness; mathanaḥ – one who shakes off, destroys; śambhuḥ – progenitor, one who grants happiness; tvaṣṭā – one who gives shape (in mother’s womb), sculpts.; mārtāṇḍakaḥ – Bird in sky that which emits light; aṃśumān – sunbeam, full of light rays. With the horses that are in greenish colour, the one radiating with thousand rays, who has seven horses and with great rays, the remover of darkness, bestower of auspiciousness, mitigator of sufferings, who is Marthanda, the reinfuser of creation, the omnipresent as his rays that penetrate everywhere. hiraṇyagarbhaḥ śiśiraḥ tapanō bhāskarō raviḥ । hiraṇyagarbhaḥ (hiraṇya + garbhaḥ) – Golden womb i.e. soul of the universe; śiśira – cold; tapanaḥ - Heat (one who generates); bhāskaraḥ – Shining with light, glittering; raviḥ – The Sun God; agnigarbhaḥ – womb of fire; (aditēḥ) – Aditi’s (the mother of devatas); putraḥ – Son; śaṅkhaḥ – Conch; śiśira – Cold; nāśanaḥ – destroyer. The primordial one who became the Trinity, the remover of tapa or affliction, who brings warmth, the maker of the day and the one praised by all. O the one who have fire in his womb, the son of Aditi, the calming one and the remover of snow. vyōmanātha stamōbhēdī ṛgyajuḥsāma-pāragaḥ । O The Lord of aether, dispeller of Rahu or darkness, the one with par excellence in Vedas, by whom the great rains dispense, a friend to the waters (as the rays bring life and purifies waters), The one who moves fast in the sky. ātapī maṇḍalī mṛtyuḥ piṅgaḻaḥ sarvatāpanaḥ । ātapī – radiates heat; maṇḍalī – circle, orbit; mṛtyuḥ – death; piṅgalaḥ – reddish-brown (tawny); sarva – all; tāpanaḥ – burn , traumatise, miserable; kaviḥ – poet gifted with insight; viśvaḥ – universe; mahātējāḥ – full of intense/fierce energy; raktaḥ – Red (with anger); sarva – all; bhavōdbhavaḥ bhava + udbhavaḥ – generate worldly existence; Who is with his forms that are intensely absorbed, inflictor of death to the wicked, who is red in colour, desired by all the beings, the one who is a great scholar, runs the worlds with great radiance, who affectionate all and acts as the starting place to the next generation or action. nakṣatra graha tārāṇāṃ adhipō viśvabhāvanaḥ । nakṣatra – star constellation; graha – Planet; tārāṇā – star; adhipō – (derived from adhipati)- lord or the presiding deity; viśva – world; bhāvanaḥ – causing to be, manifesting; tējasāmapī – (tējasāṃ + api) – Tejas is bright, energitic; api – even; tējasvī – – Brilliant, energetic; dvādaśa – Twelve; ātman – Soul, Spirit; namō'stu – namaḥ + astu + tē: namaḥ- – Salute in reverence; astu – ok, let it be; tē – To you. He is the Lord of Stars, planets and constellations, who simulates everything in universe, He who is resplendently illuminous with the illuminati of all, the one with twelve forms, I bow to you. namaḥ pūrvāya girayē paśchimāyādrayē namaḥ । namaḥ – bow, salute, pray; pūrvāya – in the East; girayē – Mountains; paśchimāyādrayē (paśchimāya+adrayē): paśchimāya – Western; adrayē - Mountains; namaḥ – bow, salute, pray; jyōtirgaṇānāṃ – (jyōtiḥ+gaṇanāṃ): jyōtiḥ – Heavenly astronomical bodies that give out light; gaṇānāṃ – group of; jyōtirgaṇānāṃ – Lord of the entire group of heavenly bodies. This includes stars, planets, planetary systems, galaxies, nebulae etc; patayē – Lord of; dinādhipatayē (dina+adhipatayē): dina – Day; adhipatayē – Lord of; namaḥ - bow, salute, pray. Salutations to the deity of the eastern mountain (indicating the Sun rising), and of the western mountain (where the Sun sets). O the Lord of stellar bodies, Lord of the day, I bow to you. jayāya jayabhadrāya haryaśvāya namō namaḥ । jayāya – one who brings victory; jaya – victory; bhadrāya – brings prosperity, auspiciousness; haryaśvāya: (hariḥ + aśvāya)- – Hari is green. Some people interpret this as green horses.; But in this context it is haridra + ashvaya. Haridra is more like reddish brown or tan. It seems to make sense while talking about horse coat colors.; namō namaḥ – Salutations again and again; namō namaḥ – Salutations again and again; sahasrāṃśaḥ – Sahasram is 1000 Amsa means parts. sahasrāṃśaḥ means one who manifests into a thousand parts (rays); ādityāya – Beloved son of Aditi; Aditi means inexhaustible; namō namaḥ – Salutations again and again. O the one who gives victory, the bestower of victory along with protection, the one with green coloured horses, my salutations to you. My salutations to the one with thousand rays, O God Adithya I bow to you. nama ugrāya vīrāya sāraṅgāya namō namaḥ । nama – salutations; ugrāya – fierce, furious; vīrāya – heroic, courageous; sāraṅgāya – of variegated colors, polychromatic; namō namaḥ – Salutations again and again; namaḥ – Salutations; padma – Lotus; prabōdhāya – who causes to blossom; mārtāṇḍāya – bird in the sky, Sun God; namō namaḥ – Salutations again and again. Salutations to you, who is terrible to wicked, who ably powers in achieving things, the one who travels fast, I bow to you. My salutations to the one who makes the lotuses blossom, who is the Mardanda surya, I bow to you. brahmēśānāchyutēśāya sūryāyāditya-varchasē । brahma - Brahma; īśāna – Eshwara; achyuta – Achyutha; īśāya – Lord; sūryāya – Surya; āditya - Coming from Aditi; varchasē – brilliance; bhāsvatē – one who shines; sarva – All; bhakṣāya – eating; raudrāya – fierce, worshipper of rudra; vapuṣē – wonderfully beautiful; namaḥ – Pray, Salute. The one with the form of Brahma , Eeshana (Shiva) and Atchyutha (Vishnu), O the Surya, the one radiating in the Aditya rupa. O the illuminating one, devourer of all, the one with the body like that of Rudra, I bow to you. tamōghnāya himaghnāya śatrughnāyā mitātmanē । tamaḥ (tāmasa) – Darkness; aghnāya – to the destroyer, one who negates; (This is caturthi vibakthi/ 4th vibakthi -Dative case ); hima – snow, ice, frost, cold; aghnāya- to the one who destroys or negates; śatru – enemy; aghnāya – to the one who destroys or negates; amita – immeasurable; ātmanē – soul, will power; kṛtaghna – ungrateful; aghnāya – to the one who destroys or negates; dēvāya – to the God, Deity; jyōtiṣāṃ - heavenly/celestial bodies; patayē - to the lord; namaḥ – Salutations, Prayers. He who dispels the darkness, destroyer of snow, remover of the enemies, whose extent is immeasurable. The Lord of all, who is the annihilator of the ungreatful ones, the in charge of the stellar bodies, I bow to you. tapta chāmīkarābhāya vahnayē viśvakarmaṇē । tapta – Heated, Molten; chāmīkarābhāya – with Gold like – appearance, glamor; vahnayē – Fire; viśvakarmaṇē – one who activates the world; viśva – world; karma- Actions; namaḥ – Salutations; tamaḥ – darkness; abhinighnāya – subdues, quells; ruchayē – radiant, brilliant; lōkasākṣiṇē – witness to the world; lōka – world; sākṣiṇē – witness. The one who has radiance like that of a melted gold, the transcendental fire of divine knowledge, the maker of the universe. I prostrate to you, the remover of darkness, the illuminating one, the witness of all the happenings in the lokas. nāśayatyēṣa vai bhūtaṃ tadēva sṛjati prabhuḥ । nāśayat – Destroys that; ēṣa - He; vai – indeed; bhūtaṃ – all existing beings in the world; tadēva: tat Tat – that; ēva – only; sṛjati – creates; prabhuḥ – Lord; pāyat – Drinks; ēṣa – He; tapat – Heats, warms; ēṣa - He; varṣat – rains; ēṣa – He; gabhastibhiḥ – with His (Sun’s) rays. He is the one who destroys the universe at the end and he is the one who reinitiates the creation of the same. The one who with his rays dry’s the water bodies, consumes the water, and brings them back as rains. ēṣa suptēṣu jāgarti bhūtēṣu pariniṣṭhitaḥ । ēṣa – He; suptēṣu – while sleeping; jāgarti – awake; bhūtēṣu – in beings; pariniṣṭhitaḥ – abides; ēṣa – he; ēva – also; agnihōtraṃ – sacred fire, Agni, Lord of fire; cha – and; phalaṃ – fruit; cha ēva – and indeed; agnihōtriṇām – performers of the Yajna. O the one who lives in all the beings keeping them awake even when they are asleep, who is Agnihotram himself and also the fruit thereof achieved by the worshippers of the Agnihotram. vēdāścha kratavaśchaiva kratūnāṃ phalamēva cha । vēdāḥ cha – Vedas; kratavaḥ – sacrificial rituals; cha + ēva – indeed (is) also; kratūnāṃ – of these sacrifices rituals; phalaṃ ēva - fruit; cha – and; yāni – whatever, whichever; kṛtyāni – actions that happen; lōkēṣu – in the world; sarva – all; ēṣa – He; raviḥ – The Sun; prabhuḥ – lord; He is indeed the Lord in all actions, who is the essence underlying a krathu and the fruit achieved thereof, O the one who is the supreme, who is indeed a fulfiller of all the works in all the worlds, the supreme Lord Ravi (I bow to you). phalaśrutiḥ ēna māpatsu kṛchChrēṣu kāntārēṣu bhayēṣu cha । ēnam – (by praising) Him; āpatsu – in distress; kṛchChrēṣu – in hardship; kāntārēṣu – in wilderness, Forest; bhayēṣu – in fear, anxiety; cha – and; kīrtayan – sing, chant prayer or glories; puruṣaḥ – man; kaśchin – any; na – not; avasīdati – let down, sink; rāghava – Raaghava. O Rama the one who recites this hymn will be protected during their difficult situations and times, at the forts, and during the times of fear - such ones who praise the glory of the Sun God will never be defeated. pūjayasvaina mēkāgraḥ dēvadēvaṃ jagatpatim । pūjayasva – worship; ēnam – Him; ēkāgraḥ – with unified or concentrated mind; dēvadēvaṃ – God of all other Gods; jagatpatim – master of this universe; ētat – this; triguṇitaṃ – times three (gunitam is to multiply); japtvā – repeating the chant (japa is to repeat); yuddhēṣu – in the battle; vijayiṣyasi – you will emerge victorious; Devoting with utmost concentration on almighty of the universe, the Lord of all the Lords. And reciting this divine hymn three times a day one will come out victorious in the battle. asmin kṣaṇē mahābāhō rāvaṇaṃ tvaṃ vadhiṣyasi । asmin – at this very; kṣaṇē – moment in time; mahābāhaḥ – strong arms (addressing Rama); rāvaṇaṃ – Ravana; tvaṃ – you; vadhiṣyasi – will kill, slay; ēvam – thus; uktvā – speaking; tataḥ – from there; agastyaḥ – sage Agastya; jagāma – left, returned; cha – and, also; yathā āgatam – retraced in the same manner. Within this second, O’ Rama, Mahabaahu (one with great shoulders) you will destroy Ravana. Thus spoke sage Agastya and then leaves his way. ētachChrutvā mahātējāḥ naṣṭaśōkō'bhavat-tadā । ētat – this; śṛtvā – after listening; mahātējāḥ – brilliant, splendid; naṣṭa – lost; śōkaḥ – worries, sorrows; bhavat tadā – became; dhārayāmāsa – wore; suprītaḥ – pleased; rāghavaḥ – Raaghava (refers to Rama); prayatātmavān – intended, piously disposed. Listening to this hymn, Lord Rama with great radiance comes out of the deep sorrow. And then he invokes this mantra with great courage. ādityaṃ prēkṣya japtvā tu paraṃ harṣamavāptavān । ādityaṃ – lord Surya; prēkṣya – looking towards; japtvā – repeating the prayer (doing japam); tu – indeed; paraṃ – highly; harṣam – happy, joy; avāptavān – became; tri - thrice; āchamya – sipping water (performing Acamanam); śuchiḥ - purifying; bhūtvā – after; dhanuḥ – bow; ādāya – lifted; vīryavān – the brave, valiant. Lord Rama, on seeing Aditya Bhagavan and obtaining his blessing feels very happy. Later on doing the Achamanam three times thus becomes pure and then picks his mighty bow. rāvaṇaṃ prēkṣya hṛṣṭātmā yuddhāya samupāgamat । On seeing Ravana coming to fight, Rama then feels calm and smiles peacefully. With all his efforts Rama finally determines to kill him (Ravana). adha raviravadannirīkṣya rāmaṃ muditamanāḥ paramaṃ prahṛṣyamāṇaḥ । After that (on seeing the determination of Rama), Lord Ravi (Surya) with a delighted heart became highly astonished. Further on understanding that the Ravanas future is coming to an end, Lord Surya stood in the middle of the Deva ganas and insisted Rama to be quick. ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmikīyē ādikāvyē yuddhakāṇḍē pañchādhika śatatamaḥ sargaḥ ॥ Thus ends the Aditya hrudayam, which is part of the Yuddha Kanda from the Valmiki Ramayanam.
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