श्लोकः
श्रीभगवानुवाच
ऊर्ध्वमूलमधःशाखमश्वत्थं प्राहुरव्ययम् ।
छंदांसि यस्य पर्णानि यस्तं वेद स वेदवित् ॥ 1 ॥
Meaning
श्री-भगवान् उवाच — Bhagavan Sri Krishna said; ऊर्ध्व-मूलम् — with roots above; अधः — downwards; शाखम् — branches; अश्वत्थम् — a banyan tree; प्राहुः — is said; अव्ययम् — eternal; चंदांसि — the Vedic hymns; यस्य — of which; पर्णानि — the leaves; यः — anyone who; तम् — that; वेद — knows; सः — he; वेद-वित् — the knower of the Vedas.
Translation
Bhagavan Sri Krishna said: It is said that there is an imperishable banyan tree that has its roots upward and its branches down and whose leaves are the Vedic hymns. One who knows this tree is the knower of the Vedas.
श्लोकः
अधश्चोर्ध्वं प्रसृतास्तस्य शाखा
गुणप्रवृद्धा विषयप्रवालाः ।
अधश्च मूलान्यनुसंततानि
कर्मानुबंधीनि मनुष्यलोके ॥ 2 ॥
Meaning
अधः — downward; च — and; ऊर्ध्वम् — upward; प्रसृताः — extended; तस्य — its; शाखाः — branches; गुण — by the modes of material nature; प्रवृद्धाः — developed; विषय — sense objects; प्रवालाः — twigs; अधः — downward; च — and; मूलानि — roots; अनुसंततानि — extended; कर्म — to work; अनुबंधीनि — bound; मनुष्य-लोके — in the world of human society.
Translation
The branches of this tree extend downward and upward, nourished by the three modes of material nature. The twigs are the objects of the senses. This tree also has roots going down, and these are bound to the fruitive actions of human society.
श्लोकः
न रूपमस्येह तथोपलभ्यते
नांतो न चादिर्न च संप्रतिष्ठा ।
अश्वत्थमेनं सुविरूढमूल-
मसंगशस्त्रेण दृढेन छित्त्वा ॥ 3 ॥
ततः पदं तत्परिमार्गितव्यं
यस्मिन्गता न निवर्तंति भूयः ।
तमेव चाद्यं पुरुषं प्रपद्ये
यतः प्रवृत्तिः प्रसृता पुराणी ॥ 4 ॥
Meaning
न — not; रूपम् — the form; अस्य — of this tree; इह — in this world; तथा — also; उपलभ्यते — can be perceived; न — never; अंतः — end; न — never; च — also; आदिः — beginning; न — never; च — also; संप्रतिष्ठा — the foundation; अश्वत्थम् — banyan tree; एनम् — this; सु-विरूढ — strongly; मूलम् — rooted; असंग-शस्त्रेण — by the weapon of detachment; दृढेन — strong; चित्त्वा — cutting; ततः — thereafter; पदम् — situation; तत् — that; परिमार्गितव्यम् — has to be searched out; यस्मिन् — where; गताः — going; न — never; निवर्तंति — they come back; भूयः — again; तम् — to Him; एव — certainly; च — also; आद्यम् — original; पुरुषम् — the Personality of Godhead; प्रपद्ये — surrender; यतः — from whom; प्रवृत्तिः — the beginning; प्रसृता — extended; पुराणि — very old.
Translation
The real form of this tree cannot be perceived in this world. No one can understand where it ends, where it begins, or where its foundation is. But with determination one must cut down this strongly rooted tree with the weapon of detachment. Thereafter, one must seek that place from which, having gone, one never returns, and there surrender to that Supreme Personality of Godhead from whom everything began and from whom everything has extended since time immemorial.
श्लोकः
निर्मानमोहा जितसंगदोषा
अध्यात्मनित्या विनिवृत्तकामाः ।
द्वंद्वैर्विमुक्ताः सुखदुःखसंज्ञै-
र्गच्छंत्यमूढाः पदमव्ययं तत् ॥ 5 ॥
Meaning
निः — without; मान — false prestige; मोहाः — and illusion; जित — having conquered; संग — of association; दोषाः — the faults; अध्यात्म — in spiritual knowledge; नित्याः — in eternity; विनिवृत्त — disassociated; कामाः — from lust; द्वंद्वैः — from the dualities; विमुक्ताः — liberated; सुख-दुःख — happiness and distress; संज्ञैः — named; गच्चंति — attain; अमूढाः — unbewildered; पदम् — situation; अव्ययम् — eternal; तत् — that.
Translation
Those who are free from false prestige, illusion and false association, who understand the eternal, who are done with material lust, who are freed from the dualities of happiness and distress, and who, unbewildered, know how to surrender unto the Supreme Person attain to that eternal kingdom.
श्लोकः
न तद्भआसयते सूर्यो न शशांको न पावकः ।
यद्गत्वा न निवर्तंते तद्धाम परमं मम ॥ 6 ॥
Meaning
न — not; तत् — that; भासयते — illuminates; सूर्यः — the sun; न — nor; शशांकः — the moon; न — nor; पावकः — fire, electricity; यत् — where; गत्वा — going; न — never; निवर्तंते — they come back; तत् धाम — that abode; परमम् — supreme; मम — My.
Translation
That supreme abode of Mine is not illumined by the sun or moon, nor by fire or electricity. Those who reach it never return to this material world.
श्लोकः
ममैवांशो जीवलोके जीवभूतः सनातनः ।
मनःषष्ठानींद्रियाणि प्रकृतिस्थानि कर्षति ॥ 7 ॥
Meaning
मम — My; एव — certainly; अंशः — fragmental particle; जीव-लोके — in the world of conditional life; जीव-भूतः — the conditioned living entity; सनातनः — eternal; मनः — with the mind; षष्ठानि — the six; इंद्रियाणि — senses; प्रकृति — in material nature; स्थानि — situated; कर्षति — is struggling hard.
Translation
The living entities in this conditioned world are My eternal fragmental parts. Due to conditioned life, they are struggling very hard with the six senses, which include the mind.
श्लोकः
शरीरं यदवाप्नोति यच्चआप्युत्क्रामतीश्वरः ।
गृहीत्वैतानि संयाति वायुर्गंधानिवाशयात् ॥ 8 ॥
Meaning
शरीरम् — the body; यत् — as; अवाप्नोति — gets; यत् — as; च अपि — also; उत्क्रामति — gives up; ईश्वरः — the lord of the body; गृहीत्वा — taking; एतानि — all these; संयाति — goes away; वायुः — the air; गंधान् — smells; इव — like; आशयात् — from their source.
Translation
The living entity in the material world carries his different conceptions of life from one body to another, as the air carries aromas. Thus he takes one kind of body and again quits it to take another.
श्लोकः
श्रोत्रं चक्षुः स्पर्शनं च रसनं घ्राणमेव च ।
अधिष्ठाय मनश्चायं विषयानुपसेवते ॥ 9 ॥
Meaning
श्रोत्रम् — ears; चक्षुः — eyes; स्पर्शनम् — touch; च — also; रसनम् — tongue; घ्राणम् — smelling power; एव — also; च — and; अधिष्ठाय — being situated in; मनः — mind; च — also; अयम् — he; विषयान् — sense objects; उपसेवते — enjoys.
Translation
The living entity, thus taking another gross body, obtains a certain type of ear, eye, tongue, nose and sense of touch, which are grouped about the mind. He thus enjoys a particular set of sense objects.
श्लोकः
उत्क्रामंतं स्थितं वाऽपि भुंजानं वा गुणान्वितम् ।
विमूढा नानुपश्यंति पश्यंति ज्ञानचक्षुषः ॥ 10 ॥
Meaning
उत्क्रामंतम् — quitting the body; स्थितम् — situated in the body; वा अपि — either; भुंजानम् — enjoying; वा — or; गुण-अन्वितम् — under the spell of the modes of material nature; विमूढाः — foolish persons; न — never; अनुपश्यंति — can see; पश्यंति — can see; ज्ञान-चक्षुषः — those who have the eyes of knowledge.
Translation
The foolish cannot understand how a living entity can quit his body, nor can they understand what sort of body he enjoys under the spell of the modes of nature. But one whose eyes are trained in knowledge can see all this.
श्लोकः
यतंतो योगिनश्चैनं पश्यंत्यात्मन्यवस्थितम् ।
यतंतोऽप्यकृतात्मानो नैनं पश्यंत्यचेतसः ॥ 11 ॥
Meaning
यतंतः — endeavoring; योगिनः — transcendentalists; च — also; एनम् — this; पश्यंति — can see; आत्मनि — in the self; अवस्थितम् — situated; यतंतः — endeavoring; अपि — although; अकृत-आत्मानः — those without self-realization; न — do not; एनम् — this; पश्यंति — see; अचेतसः — having undeveloped minds.
Translation
The endeavoring transcendentalists who are situated in self-realization can see all this clearly. But those whose minds are not developed and who are not situated in self-realization cannot see what is taking place, though they may try.
श्लोकः
यदादित्यगतं तेजो जगद्भआसयतेऽखिलम् ।
यच्चंद्रमसि यच्चआग्नऔ तत्तेजो विद्धि मामकम् ॥ 12 ॥
Meaning
यत् — that which; आदित्य-गतम् — in the sunshine; तेजः — splendor; जगत् — the whole world; भासयते — illuminates; अखिलम् — entirely; यत् — that which; चंद्रमसि — in the moon; यत् — that which; च — also; अग्नौ — in fire; तत् — that; तेजः — splendor; विद्धि — understand; मामकम् — from Me.
Translation
The splendor of the sun, which dissipates the darkness of this whole world, comes from Me. And the splendor of the moon and the splendor of fire are also from Me.
श्लोकः
गामाविश्य च भूतानि धारयाम्यहमोजसा ।
पुष्णामि चौषधीः सर्वाः सोमो भूत्वा रसात्मकः ॥ 13 ॥
Meaning
गाम् — the planets; आविश्य — entering; च — also; भूतानि — the living entities; धारयामि — sustain; अहम् — I; ओजसा — by My energy; पुष्णामि — am nourishing; च — and; औषधीः — vegetables; सर्वाः — all; सोमः — the moon; भूत्वा — becoming; रस-आत्मकः — supplying the juice.
Translation
I enter into each planet, and by My energy they stay in orbit. I become the moon and thereby supply the juice of life to all vegetables.
श्लोकः
अहं वैश्वानरो भूत्वा प्राणिनां देहमाश्रितः ।
प्राणापानसमायुक्तः पचाम्यन्नं चतुर्विधम् ॥ 14 ॥
Meaning
अहम् — I; वैश्वानरः — My plenary portion as the digesting fire; भूत्वा — becoming; प्राणिनाम् — of all living entities; देहम् — in the bodies; आश्रितः — situated; प्राण — the outgoing air; अपान — the down-going air; समायुक्तः — keeping in balance; पचामि — I digest; अन्नम् — foodstuff; चतुः-विधम् — the four kinds.
Translation
I am the fire of digestion in the bodies of all living entities, and I join with the air of life, outgoing and incoming, to digest the four kinds of foodstuff.
श्लोकः
सर्वस्य चाहं हृदि सन्निविष्टो
मत्तः स्मृतिर्ज्ञानमपोहनं च ।
वेदैश्च सर्वैरहमेव वेद्यो
वेदांतकृद्वेदविदेव चाहम् ॥ 15 ॥
Meaning
सर्वस्य — of all living beings; च — and; अहम् — I; हृदि — in the heart; सन्निविष्टः — situated; मत्तः — from Me; स्मृतिः — remembrance; ज्ञानम् — knowledge; अपोहनम् — forgetfulness; च — and; वेदैः — by the Vedas; च — also; सर्वैः — all; अहम् — I am; एव — certainly; वेद्यः — knowable; वेदांत-कृत् — the compiler of the Vedānta; वेद-वित् — the knower of the Vedas; एव — certainly; च — and; अहम् — I.
Translation
I am seated in everyone’s heart, and from Me come remembrance, knowledge and forgetfulness. By all the Vedas, I am to be known. Indeed, I am the compiler of Vedānta, and I am the knower of the Vedas.
श्लोकः
द्वाविमौ पुरुषौ लोके क्षरश्चाक्षर एव च ।
क्षरः सर्वाणि भूतानि कूटस्थोऽक्षर उच्यते ॥ 16 ॥
Meaning
द्वौ — two; इमौ — these; पुरुषौ — living entities; लोके — in the world; क्षरः — fallible; च — and; अक्षरः — infallible; एव — certainly; च — and; क्षरः — fallible; सर्वाणि — all; भूतानि — living entities; कूट-स्थः — in oneness; अक्षरः — infallible; उच्यते — is said.
Translation
There are two classes of beings, the fallible and the infallible. In the material world every living entity is fallible, and in the spiritual world every living entity is called infallible.
श्लोकः
उत्तमः पुरुषस्त्वन्यः परमात्मेत्युदाहृतः ।
यो लोकत्रयमाविश्य बिभर्त्यव्यय ईश्वरः ॥ 17 ॥
Meaning
उत्तमः — the best; पुरुषः — personality; तु — but; अन्यः — another; परम-आत्मा — the Supreme Self; इति — thus; उदाहृतः — is said; यः — who; लोक — of the universe; त्रयम् — the three divisions; आविश्य — entering; बिभर्ति — is maintaining; अव्ययः — inexhaustible; ईश्वरः — the Lord.
Translation
Besides these two, there is the greatest living personality, the Supreme Soul, the imperishable Lord Himself, who has entered the three worlds and is maintaining them.
श्लोकः
यस्मात्क्षरमतीतोऽहमक्षरादपि चोत्तमः ।
अतोऽस्मि लोके वेदे च प्रथितः पुरुषोत्तमः ॥ 18 ॥
Meaning
यस्मात् — because; क्षरम् — to the fallible; अतीतः — transcendental; अहम् — I am; अक्षरात् — beyond the infallible; अपि — also; च — and; उत्तमः — the best; अतः — therefore; अस्मि — I am; लोके — in the world; वेदे — in the Vedic literature; च — and; प्रथितः — celebrated; पुरुष-उत्तमः — as the Supreme Personality.
Translation
Because I am transcendental, beyond both the fallible and the infallible, and because I am the greatest, I am celebrated both in the world and in the Vedas as that Supreme Person.
श्लोकः
यो मामेवमसम्मूढो जानाति पुरुषोत्तमम् ।
स सर्वविद्भजति मां सर्वभावेन भारत ॥ 19 ॥
Meaning
यः — anyone who; माम् — Me; एवम् — thus; असम्मूढः — without a doubt; जानाति — knows; पुरुष-उत्तमम् — the Supreme Personality of Godhead; सः — he; सर्व-वित् — the knower of everything; भजति — renders devotional service; माम् — unto Me; सर्व-भावेन — in all respects; भारत — O son of Bharata.
Translation
Whoever knows Me as the Supreme Personality of Godhead, without doubting, is the knower of everything. He therefore engages himself in full devotional service to Me, O son of Bharata.
श्लोकः
इति गुह्यतमं शास्त्रमिदमुक्तं मयानघ ।
एतद्बुद्ध्वा बुद्धिमान्स्यात्कृतकृत्यश्च भारत ॥ 20 ॥
Meaning
इति — thus; गुह्य-तमम् — the most confidential; शास्त्रम् — revealed scripture; इदम् — this; उक्तम् — disclosed; मया — by Me; अनघ — O sinless one; एतत् — this; बुद्ध्वा — understanding; बुद्धि-मान् — intelligent; स्यात् — one becomes; कृत-कृत्यः — the most perfect in his endeavors; च — and; भारत — O son of Bharata.
Translation
This is the most confidential part of the Vedic scriptures, O sinless one, and it is disclosed now by Me. Whoever understands this will become wise, and his endeavors will know perfection.
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