Chanakya Neethi - Chapter 3 - Tamil

A man's descent may be discerned by - his conduct, his country by his pronunciation of language, his friendship by his warmth and glow, and his capacity to eat by his body.

ஸுகுலே யோஜயேத்கன்யாம் புத்ரம் வித்³யாஸு யோஜயேத் ।
வ்யஸனே யோஜயேச்ச²த்ரும் மித்ரம் த⁴ர்மேண யோஜயேத் ॥ ௦3 ॥

Give your daughter in marriage to a good family, engage your son in learning, see that your enemy comes to grief, and engage your friends in dharma. (Krsna consciousness).

து³ர்ஜனஸ்ய ச ஸர்பஸ்ய வரம் ஸர்போ ந து³ர்ஜன: ।
ஸர்போ த³ம்ஶதி காலே து து³ர்ஜனஸ்து பதே³ பதே³ ॥ ௦4 ॥

Of a rascal and a serpent, the serpent is the better of the two, for he strikes only at the time he is destined to kill, while the former at every step.

ஏதத³ர்தே² குலீனானாம் ந்ருபா: குர்வந்தி ஸங்க்³ரஹம் ।
ஆதி³மத்⁴யாவஸானேஷு ந தே க³ச்ச²ந்தி விக்ரியாம் ॥ ௦5 ॥

Therefore kings gather round themselves men of good families, for they never forsake them either at the beginning, the middle or the end.

ப்ரளயே பி⁴ன்னமர்யாதா³ ப⁴வந்தி கில ஸாக³ரா: ।
ஸாக³ரா பே⁴த³மிச்ச²ந்தி ப்ரலயேபி ந ஸாத⁴வ: ॥ ௦6 ॥

At the time of the ப்ரளய (universal destruction) the oceans are to exceed their limits and seek to change, but a saintly man never changes.

மூர்க²ஸ்து ப்ரஹர்தவ்ய: ப்ரத்யக்ஷோ த்³விபத:³ பஶு: ।
பி⁴த்³யதே வாக்ய-ஶல்யேன அத்³ருஶம் கண்டகம் யதா² ॥ ௦7 ॥

Do not keep company with a fool for as we can see he is a two-legged beast. Like an unseen thorn he pierces the heart with his sharp words.

ரூபயௌவனஸம்பன்னா விஶாலகுலஸம்ப⁴வா: ।
வித்³யாஹீனா ந ஶோப⁴ந்தே நிர்க³ந்தா⁴: கிம்ஶுகா யதா² ॥ ௦8 ॥

Though men be endowed with beauty and youth and born in noble families, yet without education they are like the palasa flower which is void of sweet fragrance.

கோகிலானாம் ஸ்வரோ ரூபம் ஸ்த்ரீணாம் ரூபம் பதிவ்ரதம் ।
வித்³யா ரூபம் குரூபாணாம் க்ஷமா ரூபம் தபஸ்வினாம் ॥ ௦9 ॥

The beauty of a cuckoo is in its notes, that of a woman in her unalloyed devotion to her husband, that of an ugly person in his scholarship, and that of an ascetic in his forgiveness.

த்யஜேதே³கம் குலஸ்யார்தே² க்³ராமஸ்யார்தே² குலம் த்யஜேத் ।
க்³ராமம் ஜனபத³ஸ்யார்தே² ஆத்மார்தே² ப்ருதி²வீம் த்யஜேத் ॥ 1௦ ॥

Give up a member to save a family, a family to save a village, a village to save a country, and the country to save yourself.

க்ருஷிதோ நாஸ்தி து³ர்பி⁴க்ஷம் ஜபதோ நாஸ்தி பாதகம் ।
மௌனேன கலஹோ நாஸ்தி நாஸ்தி ஜாக³ரிதோ ப⁴யம் ॥ 11 ॥

There is no poverty for the industrious. Sin does not attach itself to the person practicing ஜப or meditation, who does not attach himself to good or bad in situations. Those who are absorbed in மௌனம் (silent contemplation of the Lord) have no quarrel with others. They are fearless who remain always alert.

அதிரூபேண வா ஸீதா அதிக³ர்வேண ராவண: ।
அதிதா³னாத்³ப³லிர்ப³த்³தோ⁴-ஹ்யதிஸர்வத்ர வர்ஜயேத் ॥ 12 ॥
தே³வீ ஸீதா was abducted by ராவண the Demon King, because of her being extremely beautiful, and ராவண did this being extremely proud of his power. Due to his extremely charitable nature the Demon King ப³லி also had his downfall from his kingdom. Therefore, we should always give up the habit of going to the extreme in any case or a situation.

கோ ஹி பா⁴ர: ஸமர்தா²னாம் கிம் தூ³ரம் வ்யவஸாயினாம் ।
கோ விதே³ஶ: ஸுவித்³யானாம் க: பர: ப்ரியவாதி³னாம் ॥ 13 ॥

What is too heavy for the strong and what place is too distant for those who put forth effort? What country is foreign to a man of true learning? Who can be inimical to one who speaks pleasingly?

ஏகேனாபி ஸுவ்ருக்ஷேண புஷ்பிதேன ஸுக³ந்தி⁴னா ।
வாஸிதம் தத்³வனம் ஸர்வம் ஸுபுத்ரேண குலம் யதா² ॥ 14 ॥

As a whole forest becomes fragrant by the existence of a single tree with sweet-smelling blossoms in it, so a family becomes famous by the birth of a virtuous son or daughter.

ஏகேன ஶுஷ்கவ்ருக்ஷேண த³ஹ்யமானேன வஹ்னினா ।
த³ஹ்யதே தத்³வனம் ஸர்வம் குபுத்ரேண குலம் யதா² ॥ 15 ॥

As a single withered tree, if set aflame, causes a whole forest to burn, so does a rascal son destroy a whole family.

ஏகேனாபி ஸுபுத்ரேண வித்³யாயுக்தேன ஸாது⁴னா ।
ஆஹ்லாதி³தம் குலம் ஸர்வம் யதா² சந்த்³ரேண ஶர்வரீ ॥ 16 ॥

As night looks delightful when the moon shines, so is a family gladdened by even one learned and virtuous son or daughter.

கிம் ஜாதைர்ப³ஹுபி⁴: புத்ரை: ஶோகஸந்தாபகாரகை: ।
வரமேக: குலாலம்பீ³ யத்ர விஶ்ராம்யதே குலம் ॥ 17 ॥

What is the use of having many sons if they cause grief and vexation? It is better to have only one son from whom the whole family can derive support and peacefulness.

லாலயேத்பஞ்சவர்ஷாணி த³ஶவர்ஷாணி தாட³யேத் ।
ப்ராப்தே து ஷோட³ஶே வர்ஷே புத்ரே மித்ரவதா³சரேத் ॥ 18 ॥

Fondle a son until he is five years of age, and use the stick for another ten years, but when he has attained his sixteenth year treat him as a friend.

உபஸர்கே³ன்யசக்ரே ச து³ர்பி⁴க்ஷே ச ப⁴யாவஹே ।
அஸாது⁴ஜனஸம்பர்கே ய: பலாயேத்ஸ ஜீவதி ॥ 19 ॥

He who runs away from a fearful calamity, a foreign invasion, a terrible famine, and the companionship of wicked men is safe.

த⁴ர்மார்த²காமமோக்ஷாணாம் யஸ்யைகோபி ந வித்³யதே ।
அஜாக³லஸ்தனஸ்யேவ தஸ்ய ஜன்ம நிரர்த²கம் ॥ 2௦ ॥

He who has not acquired one of the following: religious merit (த⁴ர்ம), wealth (அர்த²), satisfaction of desires (காம), or liberation (மோக்ஷ) is repeatedly born to die.

மூர்கா² யத்ர ந பூஜ்யந்தே தா⁴ன்யம் யத்ர ஸுஸஞ்சிதம் ।
தா³ம்பத்யே கலஹோ நாஸ்தி தத்ர ஶ்ரீ: ஸ்வயமாக³தா ॥ 21 ॥

Lakshmi, the Goddess of wealth, comes of Her own accord where fools are not respected, grain is well stored up, and the husband and wife do not quarrel.

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