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Chanakya Neethi - Chapter 6 śrutvā dharmaṃ vijānāti śrutvā tyajati durmatim । By means of hearing one understands dharma, malignity vanishes, knowledge is acquired, and liberation from material bondage is gained. pakṣiṇaḥ kākaśchaṇḍālaḥ paśūnāṃ chaiva kukkuraḥ । Among birds the crow is vile; among beasts the dog; the ascetic whose sins is abominable, but he who blasphemes others is the worst chandala. bhasmanā śuddhyatē kāsyaṃ tāmramamlēna śuddhyati । Brass is polished by ashes; copper is cleaned by tamarind; a woman, by her menses; and a river by its flow. bhramansampūjyatē rājā bhramansampūjyatē dvijaḥ । The king, the brāhmaṇa, and the ascetic yōgī who go abroad are respected; but the woman who wanders is utterly ruined. yasyārthāstasya mitrāṇi yasyārthāstasya bāndhavāḥ । He who has wealth has friends. He who is wealthy has relatives. The rich one alone is called a man, and the affluent alone are respected as pandits. tādṛśī jāyatē buddhirvyavasāyō'pi tādṛśaḥ । As is the desire of Providence, so functions one's intellect; one's activities are also controlled by Providence; and by the will of Providence one is surrounded by helpers. kālaḥ pachati bhūtāni kālaḥ saṃharatē prajāḥ । Time perfects all living beings as well as kills them; it alone is awake when all others are asleep. Time is insurmountable. na paśyati cha janmāndhaḥ kāmāndhō naiva paśyati । Those born blind cannot see; similarly blind are those in the grip of lust. Proud men have no perception of evil; and those bent on acquiring riches see no sin in their actions. svayaṃ karma karōtyātmā svayaṃ tatphalamaśnutē । The spirit soul goes through his own course of karma and he himself suffers the good and bad results thereby accrued. By his own actions he entangles himself in samsara, and by his own efforts he extricates himself. rājā rāṣṭrakṛtaṃ pāpaṃ rājñaḥ pāpaṃ purōhitaḥ । The king is obliged to accept the sins of his subjects; the purōhita (priest) suffers for those of the king; a husband suffers for those of his wife; and the guru suffers for those of his pupils. ṛṇakartā pitā śatrurmātā cha vyabhichāriṇī । A father who is a chronic debtor, an adulterous mother, a beautiful wife, and an unlearned son are enemies ( in one's own home). lubdhamarthēna gṛhṇīyāt stabdhamañjalikarmaṇā । Conciliate a covetous man by means of a gift, an obstinate man with folded hands in salutation, a fool by humouring him, and a learned man by truthful words. varaṃ na rājyaṃ na kurājarājyaṃ It is better to be without a kingdom than to rule over a petty one; better to be without a friend than to befriend a rascal; better to be without a disciple than to have a stupid one; and better to be without a wife than to have a bad one. kurājarājyēna kutaḥ prajāsukhaṃ How can people be made happy in a petty kingdom? What peace can we expect from a rascal friend? What happiness can we have at home in the company of a bad wife? How can renown be gained by instructing an unworthy disciple? siṃhādēkaṃ bakādēkaṃ śikṣēchchatvāri kukkuṭāt । Learn one thing from a lion; one from a crane; four from a cock; five from a crow; six from a dog; and three from a donkey. prabhūtaṃ kāryamalpaṃ vā yannaraḥ kartumichChati । The one excellent thing that can be learned from a lion is that whatever a man intends doing should be done by him with a whole-hearted and strenuous effort. indriyāṇi cha saṃyamya rāgadvēṣavivarjitaḥ । The wise man should restrain his senses like the crane and accomplish his purpose with due knowledge of his place, time and ability. pratyutthānaṃ cha yuddhaṃ cha saṃvibhāgaṃ cha bandhuṣu । To wake at the proper time; to take a bold stand and fight; to make a fair division (of property) among relations; and to earn one's own bread by personal exertion are the four excellent things to be learned from a cock. gūḍhamaithunachāritvaṃ kālē kālē cha saṅgraham । Union in privacy (with one's wife); boldness; storing away useful items; watchfulness; and not easily trusting others; these five things are to be learned from a crow. bahvāśī svalpasantuṣṭaḥ sanidrō laghuchētanaḥ । Contentment with little or nothing to eat although one may have a great appetite; to awaken instantly although one may be in a deep slumber; unflinching devotion to the master; and bravery; these six qualities should be learned from the dog. suśrāntō'pi vahēdbhāraṃ śītōṣṇaṃ na cha paśyati । Although an ass is tired, he continues to carry his burden; he is unmindful of cold and heat; and he is always contented; these three things should be learned from the donkey. ya ētānviṃśatiguṇānāchariṣyati mānavaḥ । He who shall practice these twenty virtues shall become invincible in all his undertakings.
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