॥ iti śrīmahābhāratē udyōgaparvaṇi prajāgaraparvaṇi
viduranītivākyē chatustriṃśō'dhyāyaḥ ॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvācha ।
jāgratō dahyamānasya yatkāryamanupaśyasi ।
tadbrūhi tvaṃ hi nastāta dharmārthakuśalaḥ śuchiḥ ॥ 1॥
tvaṃ māṃ yathāvadvidura praśādhi
prajñā pūrvaṃ sarvamajātaśatrōḥ ।
yanmanyasē pathyamadīnasattva
śrēyaḥ karaṃ brūhi tadvai kurūṇām ॥ 2॥
pāpāśaṅgī pāpamēva naupaśyan
pṛchChāmi tvāṃ vyākulēnātmanāham ।
kavē tanmē brūhi sarvaṃ yathāvan
manīṣitaṃ sarvamajātaśatrōḥ ॥ 3॥
vidura uvācha ।
śubhaṃ vā yadi vā pāpaṃ dvēṣyaṃ vā yadi vā priyam ।
apṛṣṭastasya tadbrūyādyasya nēchChētparābhavam ॥ 4॥
tasmādvakṣyāmi tē rājanbhavamichChankurūnprati ।
vachaḥ śrēyaḥ karaṃ dharmyaṃ bruvatastannibōdha mē ॥ 5॥
About Projects
mithyōpētāni karmāṇi sidhyēyuryāni bhārata ।
anupāya prayuktāni mā sma tēṣu manaḥ kṛthāḥ ॥ 6॥
tathaiva yōgavihitaṃ na sidhyētkarma yannṛpa ।
upāyayuktaṃ mēdhāvī na tatra glapayēnmanaḥ ॥ 7॥
Do not ever set your mind upon means of success that are unjust and improper. An intelligent person should not grieve if any project does not succeed inspite of the application of fair and proper means.
anubandhānavēkṣēta sānubandhēṣu karmasu ।
sampradhārya cha kurvīta na vēgēna samācharēt ॥ 8॥
Before one engages in an act, one should consider the competence of the agent, the nature of the act itself, and its purpose, for all acts are dependent on these. Prior consideration is required and impulsive action is to be avoided.
anubandhaṃ cha samprēkṣya vipākāṃśchaiva karmaṇām ।
utthānamātmanaśchaiva dhīraḥ kurvīta vā na vā ॥ 9॥
A wise person should reflect well before embarking on a new project, considering one's own ability, the nature of the work, and the all the consequence also of success [and failure] — thereafter one should either proceed or not.
yaḥ pramāṇaṃ na jānāti sthānē vṛddhau tathā kṣayē ।
kōśē janapadē daṇḍē na sa rājyāvatiṣṭhatē ॥ 10॥
The executive who doesn't know the proportion or measure as regards territory, gain and loss, financial and human resources, and the skilful application of sanctions, cannot retain the business empire for very long.
yastvētāni pramāṇāni yathōktānyanupaśyati ।
yuktō dharmārthayōrjñānē sa rājyamadhigachChati ॥ 11॥
One on the other hand, who is fully informed and acquainted with the measures of these as prescribed in treatises [on economics], being well educated in the knowledge of Dharma and wealth-creation, can retain the business empire.
na rājyaṃ prāptamityēva vartitavyamasāmpratam ।
śriyaṃ hyavinayō hanti jarā rūpamivōttamam ॥ 12॥
bhakṣyōttama pratichChannaṃ matsyō baḍiśamāyasam ।
rūpābhipātī grasatē nānubandhamavēkṣatē ॥ 13॥
yachChakyaṃ grasituṃ grasyaṃ grastaṃ pariṇamēchcha yat ।
hitaṃ cha pariṇāmē yattadadyaṃ bhūtimichChatā ॥ 14॥
vanaspatērapakvāni phalāni prachinōti yaḥ ।
sa nāpnōti rasaṃ tēbhyō bījaṃ chāsya vinaśyati ॥ 15॥
yastu pakvamupādattē kālē pariṇataṃ phalam ।
phalādrasaṃ sa labhatē bījāchchaiva phalaṃ punaḥ ॥ 16॥
yathā madhu samādattē rakṣanpuṣpāṇi ṣaṭpadaḥ ।
tadvadarthānmanuṣyēbhya ādadyādavihiṃsayā ॥ 17॥
puṣpaṃ puṣpaṃ vichinvīta mūlachChēdaṃ na kārayēt ।
mālākāra ivārāmē na yathāṅgārakārakaḥ ॥ 18॥
kiṃ nu mē syādidaṃ kṛtvā kiṃ nu mē syādakurvataḥ ।
iti karmāṇi sañchintya kuryādvā puruṣō na vā ॥ 19॥
anārabhyā bhavantyarthāḥ kē chinnityaṃ tathāgatāḥ ।
kṛtaḥ puruṣakārō'pi bhavēdyēṣu nirarthakaḥ ॥ 20॥
kāṃśchidarthānnaraḥ prājñō labhu mūlānmahāphalān ।
kṣipramārabhatē kartuṃ na vighnayati tādṛśān ॥ 21॥
ṛju paśyati yaḥ sarvaṃ chakṣuṣānupibanniva ।
āsīnamapi tūṣṇīkamanurajyanti taṃ prajāḥ ॥ 22॥
chakṣuṣā manasā vāchā karmaṇā cha chaturvidham ।
prasādayati lōkaṃ yastaṃ lōkō'nuprasīdati ॥ 23॥
yasmāttrasyanti bhūtāni mṛgavyādhānmṛgā iva ।
sāgarāntāmapi mahīṃ labdhvā sa parihīyatē ॥ 24॥
pitṛpaitāmahaṃ rājyaṃ prāptavānsvēna tējasā ।
vāyurabhramivāsādya bhraṃśayatyanayē sthitaḥ ॥ 25॥
dharmamācharatō rājñaḥ sadbhiścharitamāditaḥ ।
vasudhā vasusampūrṇā vardhatē bhūtivardhanī ॥ 26॥
atha santyajatō dharmamadharmaṃ chānutiṣṭhataḥ ।
pratisaṃvēṣṭatē bhūmiragnau charmāhitaṃ yathā ॥ 27॥
ya ēva yatnaḥ kriyatē prara rāṣṭrāvamardanē ।
sa ēva yatnaḥ kartavyaḥ svarāṣṭra paripālanē ॥ 28॥
dharmēṇa rājyaṃ vindēta dharmēṇa paripālayēt ।
dharmamūlāṃ śriyaṃ prāpya na jahāti na hīyatē ॥ 29॥
apyunmattātpralapatō bālāchcha parisarpataḥ ।
sarvataḥ sāramādadyādaśmabhya iva kāñchanam ॥ 30॥
suvyāhṛtāni sudhiyāṃ sukṛtāni tatastataḥ ।
sañchinvandhīra āsīta śilā hārī śilaṃ yathā ॥ 31॥
gandhēna gāvaḥ paśyanti vēdaiḥ paśyanti brāhmaṇāḥ ।
chāraiḥ paśyanti rājānaśchakṣurbhyāmitarē janāḥ ॥ 32॥
bhūyāṃsaṃ labhatē klēśaṃ yā gaurbhavati durduhā ।
atha yā suduhā rājannaiva tāṃ vinayantyapi ॥ 33॥
yadataptaṃ praṇamati na tatsantāpayantyapi ।
yachcha svayaṃ nataṃ dāru na tatsannāmayantyapi ॥ 34॥
ētayōpamayā dhīraḥ sannamēta balīyasē ।
indrāya sa praṇamatē namatē yō balīyasē ॥ 35॥
parjanyanāthāḥ paśavō rājānō mitra bāndhavāḥ ।
patayō bāndhavāḥ strīṇāṃ brāhmaṇā vēda bāndhavāḥ ॥ 36॥
satyēna rakṣyatē dharmō vidyā yōgēna rakṣyatē ।
mṛjayā rakṣyatē rūpaṃ kulaṃ vṛttēna rakṣyatē ॥ 37॥
mānēna rakṣyatē dhānyamaśvānrakṣyatyanukramaḥ ।
abhīkṣṇadarśanādgāvaḥ striyō rakṣyāḥ kuchēlataḥ ॥ 38॥
na kulaṃ vṛtti hīnasya pramāṇamiti mē matiḥ ।
antyēṣvapi hi jātānāṃ vṛttamēva viśiṣyatē ॥ 39॥
ya īrṣyuḥ paravittēṣu rūpē vīryē kulānvayē ।
sukhē saubhāgyasatkārē tasya vyādhiranantakaḥ ॥ 40॥
akārya karaṇādbhītaḥ kāryāṇāṃ cha vivarjanāt ।
akālē mantrabhēdāchcha yēna mādyēnna tatpibēt ॥ 41॥
vidyāmadō dhanamadastṛtīyō'bhijanō madaḥ ।
ētē madāvaliptānāmēta ēva satāṃ damāḥ ॥ 42॥
asantō'bhyarthitāḥ sadbhiḥ kiṃ chitkāryaṃ kadā chana ।
manyantē santamātmānamasantamapi viśrutam ॥ 43॥
gatirātmavatāṃ santaḥ santa ēva satāṃ gatiḥ ।
asatāṃ cha gatiḥ santō na tvasantaḥ satāṃ gatiḥ ॥ 44॥
jitā sabhā vastravatā samāśā gōmatā jitā ।
adhvā jitō yānavatā sarvaṃ śīlavatā jitam ॥ 45॥
śīlaṃ pradhānaṃ puruṣē tadyasyēha praṇaśyati ।
na tasya jīvitēnārthō na dhanēna na bandhubhiḥ ॥ 46॥
āḍhyānāṃ māṃsaparamaṃ madhyānāṃ gōrasōttaram ।
lavaṇōttaraṃ daridrāṇāṃ bhōjanaṃ bharatarṣabha ॥ 47॥
sampannataramēvānnaṃ daridrā bhuñjatē sadā ।
kṣutsvādutāṃ janayati sā chāḍhyēṣu sudurlabhā ॥ 48॥
prāyēṇa śrīmatāṃ lōkē bhōktuṃ śaktirna vidyatē ।
daridrāṇāṃ tu rājēndra api kāṣṭhaṃ hi jīryatē ॥ 49॥
avṛttirbhayamantyānāṃ madhyānāṃ maraṇādbhayam ।
uttamānāṃ tu martyānāmavamānātparaṃ bhayam ॥ 50॥
aiśvaryamadapāpiṣṭhā madāḥ pānamadādayaḥ ।
aiśvaryamadamattō hi nāpatitvā vibudhyatē ॥ 51॥
indriyaurindriyārthēṣu vartamānairanigrahaiḥ ।
tairayaṃ tāpyatē lōkō nakṣatrāṇi grahairiva ॥ 52॥
yō jitaḥ pañchavargēṇa sahajēnātma karśinā ।
āpadastasya vardhantē śuklapakṣa ivōḍurāḍ ॥ 53॥
avijitya ya ātmānamamātyānvijigīṣatē ।
amitrānvājitāmātyaḥ sō'vaśaḥ parihīyatē ॥ 54॥
ātmānamēva prathamaṃ dēśarūpēṇa yō jayēt ।
tatō'mātyānamitrāṃścha na mōghaṃ vijigīṣatē ॥ 55॥
vaśyēndriyaṃ jitāmātyaṃ dhṛtadaṇḍaṃ vikāriṣu ।
parīkṣya kāriṇaṃ dhīramatyantaṃ śrīrniṣēvatē ॥ 56॥
rathaḥ śarīraṃ puruṣasya rājan
nātmā niyantēndriyāṇyasya chāśvāḥ ।
tairapramattaḥ kuśalaḥ sadaśvair
dāntaiḥ sukhaṃ yāti rathīva dhīraḥ ॥ 57॥
ētānyanigṛhītāni vyāpādayitumapyalam ।
avidhēyā ivādāntā hayāḥ pathi kusārathim ॥ 58॥
anarthamarthataḥ paśyannartaṃ chaivāpyanarthataḥ ।
indriyaiḥ prasṛtō bālaḥ suduḥkhaṃ manyatē sukham ॥ 59॥
dharmārthau yaḥ parityajya syādindriyavaśānugaḥ ।
śrīprāṇadhanadārēbhya kṣipraṃ sa parihīyatē ॥ 60॥
arthānāmīśvarō yaḥ syādindriyāṇāmanīśvaraḥ ।
indriyāṇāmanaiśvaryādaiśvaryādbhraśyatē hi saḥ ॥ 61॥
ātmanātmānamanvichChēnmanō buddhīndriyairyataiḥ ।
ātmaiva hyātmanō bandhurātmaiva ripurātmanaḥ ॥ 62॥
kṣudrākṣēṇēva jālēna jhaṣāvapihitāvubhau ।
kāmaścha rājankrōdhaścha tau prājñānaṃ vilumpataḥ ॥ 63॥
samavēkṣyēha dharmārthau sambhārānyō'dhigachChati ।
sa vai sambhṛta sambhāraḥ satataṃ sukhamēdhatē ॥ 64॥
yaḥ pañchābhyantarāñśatrūnavijitya matikṣayān ।
jigīṣati ripūnanyānripavō'bhibhavanti tam ॥ 65॥
dṛśyantē hi durātmānō vadhyamānāḥ svakarma bhiḥ ।
indriyāṇāmanīśatvādrājānō rājyavibhramaiḥ ॥ 66॥
asantyāgātpāpakṛtāmapāpāṃs
tulyō daṇḍaḥ spṛśatē miśrabhāvāt ।
śuṣkēṇārdraṃ dahyatē miśrabhāvāt
tasmātpāpaiḥ saha sandhiṃ na kuryāt ॥ 67॥
nijānutpatataḥ śatrūnpañcha pañcha prayōjanān ।
yō mōhānna nighṛhṇāti tamāpadgrasatē naram ॥ 68॥
anasūyārjavaṃ śauchaṃ santōṣaḥ priyavāditā ।
damaḥ satyamanāyāsō na bhavanti durātmanām ॥ 69॥
ātmajñānamanāyāsastitikṣā dharmanityatā ।
vākchaiva guptā dānaṃ cha naitānyantyēṣu bhārata ॥ 70॥
ākrōśa parivādābhyāṃ vihiṃsantyabudhā budhān ।
vaktā pāpamupādattē kṣamamāṇō vimuchyatē ॥ 71॥
hiṃsā balamasādhūnāṃ rājñāṃ daṇḍavidhirbalam ।
śuśrūṣā tu balaṃ strīṇāṃ kṣamāguṇavatāṃ balam ॥ 72॥
vāksaṃyamō hi nṛpatē suduṣkaratamō mataḥ ।
arthavachcha vichitraṃ cha na śakyaṃ bahubhāṣitum ॥ 73॥
abhyāvahati kalyāṇaṃ vividhā vāksubhāṣitā ।
saiva durbhāṣitā rājannanarthāyōpapadyatē ॥ 74॥
saṃrōhati śarairviddhaṃ vanaṃ paraśunā hatam ।
vāchā duruktaṃ bībhatsaṃ na saṃrōhati vākkṣatam ॥ 75॥
karṇinālīkanārāchā nirharanti śarīrataḥ ।
vākṣalyastu na nirhartuṃ śakyō hṛdi śayō hi saḥ ॥ 76॥
vāksāyakā vadanānniṣpatanti
yairāhataḥ śōchati ratryahāni ।
parasya nāmarmasu tē patanti
tānpaṇḍitō nāvasṛjētparēṣu ॥ 77॥
yasmai dēvāḥ prayachChanti puruṣāya parābhavam ।
buddhiṃ tasyāpakarṣanti sō'pāchīnāni paśyati ॥ 78॥
buddhau kaluṣa bhūtāyāṃ vināśē pratyupasthitē ।
anayō nayasaṅkāśō hṛdayānnāpasarpati ॥ 79॥
sēyaṃ buddhiḥ parītā tē putrāṇāṃ tava bhārata ।
pāṇḍavānāṃ virōdhēna na chaināṃ avabudhyasē ॥ 80॥
rājā lakṣaṇasampannastrailōkyasyāpi yō bhavēt ।
śiṣyastē śāsitā sō'stu dhṛtarāṣṭra yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ॥ 81॥
atīva sarvānputrāṃstē bhāgadhēya puraskṛtaḥ ।
tējasā prajñayā chaiva yuktō dharmārthatattvavit ॥ 82॥
ānṛśaṃsyādanukrōśādyō'sau dharmabhṛtāṃ varaḥ ।
gauravāttava rājēndra bahūnklēśāṃstitikṣati ॥ 83॥
॥ iti śrīmahābhāratē udyōgaparvaṇi prajāgaraparvaṇi
viduranītivākyē chatustriṃśō'dhyāyaḥ ॥ 34॥
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