| | English | | Devanagari | | Telugu | | Tamil | | Kannada | | Malayalam | | Gujarati | | Odia | | Bengali | | |
| | Marathi | | Assamese | | Punjabi | | Hindi | | Samskritam | | Konkani | | Nepali | | Sinhala | | Grantha | | |
|
Vidura Neethi - Udyoga Parvam Chapter 40 ॥ iti śrīmāhābhāratē udyōgaparvaṇi prajāgaraparvaṇi viduravākyē chatvāriṃśō'dhyāyaḥ ॥ Fame comes to him without delay who is respected by the virtuous and whope performs his work or duties without any attatchment to his results thereof and without wasting his energy. The virtuous who are pleassed are very capable of bestowing happiness. mahāntamapyarthamadharmayuktaṃ Like unto a snake that has cast off its slough, he remains happy bereft of all misery, who, without in the least being attracted, discards even a great object, it is blended with unrighteousness. anṛtaṃ cha samutkarṣē rājagāmi cha paiśunam । Excellence acquired through falsehood, maliginity towards the king and ostinacy in false assertions before a preceptor, these are equal to the sin of slaying a brahmin. asūyaika padaṃ mṛtyurativādaḥ śriyō vadhaḥ । Envy is tantamount to death. Harsh or abusive language is the death-knell to prosperity. Want of attention to the preceptor, haste and boastfulness are the three enemies of learning. sukhārthinaḥ kutō vidyā nāsti vidyārthinaḥ sukham । Idleness, pride and confusion of intellect, unsteadiness, assembling together for vain discourse, obstinacy, self-conceitedness and selfishness - these are known as the seven besetting sins of students. nāgnistṛpyati kāṣṭhānāṃ nāpagānāṃ mahōdadhiḥ । Fire is never satiated with fuel, nor the ocean with rivers. God of death is never satisfied with with all the creatures, nor a beautiful woman with mean. āśā dhṛtiṃ hanti samṛddhimantakaḥ Desire destroys self-command; the God of death destroys development; anger destroys prosperity; miserliness kills fame. Carelessness in looking after cows kills them. Oh King! One angry brahman is capable of destroying the whole kingdom. ajaścha kāṃsyaṃ cha rathaścha nityaṃ Let these be kept in your house always, goatss, bell-metal, silver, honey, medicines that suck up poison, birds, brahmins versed in the scriptues, kingsmen aged, and the nobleborn in distress. ajōkṣā chandanaṃ vīṇā ādarśō madhusarpiṣī । Oh Bharata! Manu has said that the following objects which are auspicious should be kept in the house for the sake of worshipping gods,brahmins and guests; goats, bulls, sandal, lyre, mirror, honey, clarified butter, iron, copper, conch-chell, the Salagram stone and the yellow pigment gorochona. gṛhē sthāpayitavyāni dhanyāni manurabravīt । I shall tell you Sire another matter, which is highly remarkable, meritorious and most excellent of all. Even for the sake of one's very life, one should never discard virtue out of desire, fear, or covetousness. nityō dharmaḥ sukhaduḥkhē tvanityē Virtue is eternal; pleasure and pain are but transitory. Life is eternal, but the instruments of it are transitory, stick up to the eternal and be content. The virtuous indeed are soley devoted to contententment. mahābalānpaśya manānubhāvān Behold the highly mighty and magnanimous monarchs whom, after ruling the earth abounding in wealth and corn for a while, have fallen victims to the God of Destruction, giving up all their kingdoms and extensive enjoyments. mṛtaṃ putraṃ duḥkhapuṣṭaṃ manuṣyā When a son brought up with great care and under great strain is dead, people, Oh king! Lift up the dead body and remove it from the house to the burial ground. They lament over it piteously with dishevelled hair and throw it like another piece of wood into the middle of the funeral pyre. anyō dhanaṃ prētagatasya bhuṅktē Another enjoys the wealth of the deceased; the birds and fire consume the elements of the body. Accompanied by two, his meritss and demerits, he proceeds to the other world. utsṛjya vinivartantē jñātayaḥ suhṛdaḥ sutāḥ । Throwing away the dead bodym his kisnmen, friends and sons return home like birds, O sire, that abandon the tress bereft of blossoms and fruits. asmāllōkādūrdhvamamuṣya chādhō The deeds done by himself accompany the man thrown into the funeral fire. Therefore a man should at any cost store up virtue by slow degrees. idaṃ vachaḥ śakṣyasi chēdyathāvan If, after having heard all these wotds of mine, you will be able to act up to them in the real spirit, you will reach greate fame in this world and will have nothing to be afraid of, either here or in the world here-after. ātmā nadī bhārata puṇyatīrthā Oh Bharata ! The soul is said to be ariver whose bathing ghat is a religious merit, whose waters are truth, whose banks, self-possesion or control and whose waves pity. He who bathes in it is purified and becomes meritorious. For the soul is sacred, and what is supreme merit is verily absence of desire. kāmakrōdhagrāhavatīṃ pañchēndriya jalāṃ nadīm । Using the boat of self-command across the circular movements of the cycle of births in the river of existence of the water of the five senses infested with the crocodiles of desire and anger. prajñā vṛddhaṃ dharmavṛddhaṃ svabandhuṃ Honouring and winning the grace of one's kinsman who is advanced in wisdom, virtue, learning and age, he, who consults with him as to what ought to be done and what not, will never err. dhṛtyā śiśnōdaraṃ rakṣētpāṇipādaṃ cha chakṣuṣā । One should keep under control one's organ of generation and stomach with the aid of fortitude; hands and feet with that of the eye; eyes and ears, with that of the mind; mind and speech, with that of deeds. nityōdakī nityayajñōpavītī The brahmin who performs his daily ablutions, always wears his sacred thread, recites the Vedas daily, avoids food made by outcasts, speaks truth and performs deeds in the honor of his preceptor, he never falls off from the world of Brahma. After studying the Vedas, consecrating the sacrificial fires, performing sacrifices, and protecting the subjects and with a soul purified by taking to arms to protect cows and brahmins, and facing death in the battlefield, a Kshatriya attains heaven. vaiśyō'dhītya brāhmaṇānkṣatriyāṃś cha After studying the Vedas, and distributing his wealth on proper occasions among brahmins, kshatriyas and his dependents, having smelt the smoke of the three fires, a Vaisya enjoys after death eternal happiness in heaven. brahmakṣatraṃ vaiśya varṇaṃ cha śūdraḥ After properly worshipping the Brahmins, the Kshatriyas and Vaisyas and burning his sins, a Sudra faces death with satisfaction of doing his duty, and comes by heavenly enjoyments. chāturvarṇyasyaiṣa dharmastavōktō The duties of the four castes have been described to you. Learn from me the reason thereof as I proceed. Yudhishtira is falling off from his duty as a Kshatriya. Install him, Oh king! To discharge the duty of the king. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvācha । It is exactly so as you advise me constantly. Oh gentle one, my mind is also inclined to what you have advised me. sā tu buddiḥ kṛtāpyēvaṃ pāṇḍavānrapti mē sadā । Although my mind is always inclined thus towards the Pandavas, yet on coming into contact with Duryodhana, it turns to the contrary. na diṣṭamabhyatikrāntuṃ śakyaṃ martyēna kēna chit । None whatsoever is able to transgress Fate. Fate alone, I think, is certain to prevail while human effort is of no avail. ॥ iti śrīmāhābhāratē udyōgaparvaṇi prajāgaraparvaṇi viduravākyē chatvāriṃśō'dhyāyaḥ ॥ 40॥
|
