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đľđżđŚđđ° đ¨đđ¤đż - đđŚđđŻđđ đŞđ°đđľđŽđ, đ đ§đđŻđžđŻđ 33 ༼ đ
đĽ đśđđ°đđŽđšđžđđžđ°đ¤đ đđŚđđŻđđđŞđ°đđľđŁđż đŞđđ°đđžđđ°đŞđ°đđľđŁđż đľđżđŚđđ°đ¨đđ¤đżđľđžđđđŻđ đ¤đđ°đŻđ¸đđ¤đđ°đżđđśđđ˝đ§đđŻđžđŻđ ༼ "Vaisampayana said:â 'King Dhritarashtra endued with great wisdom (then) said to the orderly-in-waiting â I have a desire to see Vidura, please summon him here without delay. đŞđđ°đšđżđ¤đ đ§đđ¤đ°đžđˇđđđđ°đđŁ đŚđđ¤đ đđđˇđ¤đđ¤đžđ°đŽđŹđđ°đľđđ¤đ ༤ A messenger was sent and went straight to Vidura the kshattri4 and said:- "O wise one, our lord the mighty king desires to see you." đđľđŽđđđđ¤đ¸đđ¤đ đľđżđŚđđ°đ đŞđđ°đžđŞđđŻ đ°đžđđ¨đżđľđđśđ¨đŽđ ༤ Thus addressed, Vidura set out and arriving to the palace, spoke to the orderly saying:â "Please inform Dhritarashtra of my arrival." đŚđđľđžđđ¸đđĽ đđľđžđ ༤ Thereupon the orderly went to Dhritarashtra, and said:â "O foremost of kings, Vidura is here at your command. He wishes to see you, instruct me as to what is required of him." đ§đđ¤đ°đžđˇđđđđ° đđľđžđ ༤ Thereupon Dhritarashtra said:â "Let Vidura of great wisdom and foresight enter. I am never unwilling or unprepared to see Vidura." đŚđđľđžđđ¸đđĽ đđľđžđ ༤ The orderly then went out and said to Vidura:â "O Kshatri, please enter the inner apartments of the wise king. The king said to me that he is never unwilling to see you." đľđđśđđŞđžđŻđ¨ đđľđžđ ༤ Vaishampayana continued:â "Having entered Dhritarashtra's chamber, Vidura said with joined hands, to that king who was deep in thought, O wise-one5, I am Vidura, here at your command. If there is anything I can do for you, I am ready â please command me!" đ§đđ¤đ°đˇđđ¤đđ° đđľđžđ ༤ Dhritarashtra said:â "O Vidura, Sanjaya has departed. He left after rebuking me. Tomorrow he will deliver Yuddhisthira's message to the Kaurava court. I have not yet been able to ascertain what exactly that message is. Therefore, my body is burning, and that has produced sleeplessness. đđžđđđ°đ¤đ đŚđšđđŻđŽđžđ¨đ¸đđŻ đśđđ°đđŻđ đŻđŚđżđš đŞđśđđŻđ¸đż ༤ Tell me what the remedy is, for one who is sleepless and burning. You are like my son, well versed in both Dharma and Artha (material success). đŻđ¤đ đŞđđ°đžđŞđđ¤đ đ¸đđđŻđ đŞđžđđĄđľđđđđŻđ Ever since the arrival of Sanjaya from the Pandavas, I have no real peace of mind. All my senses are upset. My sole thought now is verily what he will deliver. đ¤đ¨đđŽđ đŹđđ°đđšđż đľđżđŚđđ° đ¤đđľđ đŻđĽđžđľđ¨đ Ever since Sanjaya has returned from the Pandavas, my mind knows no peace. Filled with anxiety about what he may say, all my senses are agitated. đľđżđŚđđ° đđľđžđ ༤ Vidura said:â "Sleeplessness affects a thief, a lustful person, one that has lost all one's wealth, one that has failed to achieve success, and one that is weak and has been attacked by a strong person. I hope, O king, that none of these grave calamities has overtaken you! I hope, you do not grieve, coveting the wealth of others." đ§đđ¤đ°đžđˇđđđđ° đđľđžđ ༤ Dhritarashtra said:â "I want to hear from you words that are beneficial and deal with higher morality. In this race of royal Rishis you alone are highly regarded as the wisest." đľđżđŚđđ° đđľđžđ ༤ Entrusting sovereignty in the hands of Duryodhana, Soubala (Sakuni), Karna and likewise of Dussasana, how can you hope for happiness? đđđ¸đđŽđžđ¤đđľđđđđˇđžđŚđđŻđđđđŞđ¤đđ°đžđŁđż đ°đžđđ¨đ The Pandit One that is endowed with self-knowledge, productiveness, forbearance and steadiness in virtue, and is not motivated by material gains is called a pandit (scholar). đ¨đżđˇđđľđ¤đ đŞđđ°đśđ¸đđ¤đžđ¨đż đ¨đżđđŚđżđ¤đžđ¨đż đ¨ đ¸đđľđ¤đ ༤ These also are the indications of a pandit, viz., regularly performing deeds that are praiseworthy, and rejection of all that is censurable, a firm conviction in the teaching of the Veda and generosity. đđđ°đđ§đ đšđ°đđˇđśđđ đŚđ°đđŞđśđđ đšđđ°đđ¸đđ¤đđđ đŽđžđ¨đđŻđŽđžđ¨đżđ¤đž ༤ One whom neither anger nor joy, nor pride, nor false modesty, nor stupefaction, nor vanity, can draw away from the four legitimate goals of life (purusaĚrthas)7, is considered as a pandit. đŻđ¸đđŻ đđđ¤đđŻđ đ¨ đđžđ¨đđ¤đż đŽđđ¤đđ°đ đľđž đŽđđ¤đđ°đżđ¤đ đŞđ°đ ༤ One whose projects and proposed recommendations remain concealed from competitors, and whose projects become known only after they have been accomplished, is considered to be a pandit. đŻđ¸đđŻ đđđ¤đđŻđ đ¨ đľđżđđđ¨đđ¤đż đśđđ¤đŽđđˇđđŁđ đđŻđ đ°đ¤đżđ ༤ He whose action is not impeded either by heat or cold, by fear or love, by prosperity or adversity, is forsooth called a Pandit. đŻđ¸đđŻ đ¸đđ¸đžđ°đżđŁđ đŞđđ°đđđđž đ§đ°đđŽđžđ°đđĽđžđľđ¨đđľđ°đđ¤đ¤đ ༤ One who daily reflects upon both virtue (dharma) and success (artha), and who prefers success over mere pleasure (kaĚma), is considered a pandit. đŻđĽđžđśđđđ¤đż đđżđđđ°đđˇđđ¤đż đŻđĽđžđśđđđ¤đż đ đđđ°đđľđ¤đ ༤ They that are strongly motivated, and act according to the best of their ability, and disregard nothing as insignificant, are called pandits, O King. đđđˇđżđŞđđ°đ đľđżđđžđ¨đžđ¤đż đđżđ°đ đśâđđŁđđ¤đż One that understands quickly, listens patiently, pursues one's objectives with considerate planning and not from selfish desires and who doesn't waste breath discussing the affairs of others without being asked, is said to possess the foremost mark of wisdom. đ¨đžđŞđđ°đžđŞđđŻđŽđđżđľđžđđđđ¤đż đ¨đˇđđđ đ¨đđđđđđ¤đż đśđđđżđ¤đđŽđ ༤ They that don't strive for goals that are unattainable, that don't grieve for what is lost and gone, that don't allow their minds to be clouded amid calamities, are regarded as possessing intellects endued with wisdom. đ¨đżđśđđđżđ¤đđŻ đŻđ đŞđđ°đđđ°đŽđ¤đ đ¨đžđđ¤đ°đđľđ¸đ¤đż đđ°đđŽđŁđ ༤ They that don't strive for goals that are unattainable, that don't grieve for what is lost and gone, that don't allow their minds to be clouded amid calamities, are regarded as possessing intellects endued with wisdom. đđ°đđŻ đđ°đđŽđŁđż đ°đžđđđŻđđ¤đ đđđ¤đżđđ°đđŽđžđŁđż đđđ°đđľđ¤đ ༤ They who are pandits, O King, always delight in honest deeds, and always act to advance their happiness and prosperity, and never sneer at anything that is [objectively] beneficial. đ¨ đšđđˇđđŻđ¤đđŻđžđ¤đđŽđ¸đŽđđŽđžđ¨đ đ¨đžđľđŽđžđ¨đđ¨ đ¤đŞđđŻđ¤đ ༤ One who exults not at honors, and grieves not at insults, and remains cool and un-agitated like a lake on the course of Ganga, is reckoned as a Pandit. đ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđđđđ đ¸đ°đđľđđđ¤đžđ¨đžđ đŻđđđđđđ đ¸đ°đđľđđ°đđŽđŁđžđŽđ ༤ That one who knows the nature of all creatures (viz., that everything is impermanent), who is mindful also of the inter-connectedness of all acts, and who is proficient in the knowledge of the methodology [for people to attain their objectives], is reckoned as a pandit. đŞđđ°đľđđ¤đđ¤ đľđžđđđđżđ¤đđ°đđĽ đđšđľđžđ¨đđŞđđ°đ¤đżđđžđ¨đľđžđ¨đ ༤ One who speaks boldly, can converse on various subjects, knows the science of debate, possesses intellectual acuity, and can interpret the meaning of texts, is reckoned as a pandit. đśđđ°đđ¤đ đŞđđ°đđđđžđ¨đđđ đŻđ¸đđŻ đŞđđ°đđđđž đđđľ đśđđ°đđ¤đžđ¨đđđž ༤ One whose studies are regulated by reason, and whose reason follows the sĚaĚstra, and who never abstains from paying respect to those that are good, is called a pandit. đŞđđ°đđđđžđ đđľđžđđŽđŻđ¤đż đŻđ đŞđđ°đžđđđđđ¨đđđđŻđ đ¸đŞđđĄđżđ¤đ ༤ He that draws wisdom from them that are wise, is really learned and a pandit. And one that is wise, by attending to both virtue (Dharma) and profit (artha), succeeds in achieving happiness. đ
đ°đđĽđ đŽđšđžđđ¤đŽđžđ¸đŚđđŻ đľđżđŚđđŻđžđŽđđśđđľđ°đđŻđŽđđľ đ ༤ But one who, having attained immense wealth and prosperity or has acquired (vast) learning, does not behave arrogantly, is reckoned as a pandit. The Fool On the other hand, one who is ignorant of scripture yet vain, poor yet proud, and who resorts to unfair means for the acquisition of personal objectives, is a fool. đ¸đđľđŽđ°đđĽđ đŻđ đŞđ°đżđ¤đđŻđđđŻ đŞđ°đžđ°đđĽđŽđ¨đđ¤đżđˇđđ đ¤đż ༤ One who, disregarding his own matters, concerns himself with the matters of others, and who deals deceitful with his friends, is called a fool. đ
đđžđŽđžđ¨đ đđžđŽđŻđ¤đż đŻđ đđžđŽđŻđžđ¨đžđ đŞđ°đżđ¤đđŻđđđ¤đ ༤ One who desires those things that should not be desired, and abandons those that may legitimately be desired, and who bears malice to those that are powerful, is regarded as a foolish person. đ
đŽđżđ¤đđ°đ đđđ°đđ¤đ đŽđżđ¤đđ°đ đŽđżđ¤đđ°đ đŚđđľđđˇđđđż đšđżđ¨đ¸đđ¤đż đ ༤ One who regards foes as friends, and who creates malice and disharmony with (real) friends, and who commits deplorable acts, is regarded as a foolish person. đ¸đđ¸đžđ°đŻđ¤đż đđđ¤đđŻđžđ¨đż đ¸đ°đđľđ¤đđ° đľđżđđżđđżđ¤đđ¸đ¤đ ༤ O king, one who divulges his projects to others, who is suspicious of everything, and spends a long time engaging in activities which require a brief time, is a fool. đśđđ°đžđŚđđ§đ đŞđżđ¤đđđđŻđ đ¨ đŚđŚđžđ¤đż đŚđđľđ¤đžđ¨đż đ¨đžđ°đđđ¤đż ༤ He who does ot offer oblations to the manes, nor worships his titular Deities, nor wins good-hearted friends, is said to be of foolish mind. đ
đ¨đžđšđđ¤đ đŞđđ°đľđżđśđ¤đż đ
đŞđđˇđđđ đŹđšđ đđžđˇđ¤đ ༤ One who enters a venue uninvited, and talks much without being asked, and reposes trust on unscrupulous brutes is the lowest of humans and an idiot. đŞđ°đ đđđˇđżđŞđ¤đż đŚđđˇđđŁ đľđ°đđ¤đŽđžđ¨đ đ¸đđľđŻđ đ¤đĽđž ༤ The guilty person who tries to cast the blame on others, and a powerless person who gives vent to anger, are the greatest of fools. đđ¤đđŽđ¨đ đŹđ˛đŽđžđđđđžđŻ đ§đ°đđŽđžđ°đđĽđŞđ°đżđľđ°đđđżđ¤đŽđ ༤ That person, who, without knowing his own strength and dissociated from both virtue (dharma) and profit (artha), who has unattainable goals, who doesn't adopt adequate means, is said to be destitute of intelligence. đ
đśđżđˇđđŻđ đśđžđ¸đđ¤đż đŻđ đ°đžđđ¨đđŻđśđđ đśđđ¨đđŻđŽđđŞđžđ¸đ¤đ ༤ O king, one who instructs those undeserving of instruction, who meditates upon the void8, and places trust in misers, is said to be of little intelligence. đ
đ°đđĽđ đŽđšđžđđ¤đŽđžđ¸đžđŚđđŻ đľđżđŚđđŻđžđŽđđśđđľđ°đđŻđŽđđľ đľđž ༤ Who again is more heartless than one who though possessed of affluence, eats alone and personally wears excellent robes without giving anything to needy dependents? đđđ đŞđžđŞđžđ¨đż đđđ°đđ¤đ đŤđ˛đ đđđđđđ¤đ đŽđšđžđđ¨đ ༤ While a person who commits sins [in accumulting wealth], many reap the advantage resulting therefrom; [yet in the end] it is the doer alone who experiences the results of the karma, while those who enjoy the fruit escape unaffected. đđđ đšđ¨đđŻđžđ¨đđ¨ đľđžđšđ¨đđŻđžđŚđżđˇđđ°đđŽđđđđ¤đ đ§đ¨đđˇđđŽđ¤đž ༤ An arrow discharged by an archer may not may not hit (kill) another, but the intelligence of an intelligent man when discharged (applied for a destructive purpose), may destroy a whole kingdom with the king. đđđŻđž đŚđđľđ đľđżđ¨đżđśđđđżđ¤đđŻ đ¤đđ°đđđśđđđ¤đđ°đđđżđ°đđľđśđ đđđ°đ ༤ Discriminating the two by one, bring under control the three by four. Conquering the five, knowing the six, and giving up the seven, be happy. đđđ đľđżđˇđ°đ¸đ đšđđ¤đż đśđ¸đđ¤đđ°đđŁđđđśđđ đľđ§đđŻđ¤đ ༤ Poision kills byt one (who drinks it), and a weapon too but one (who is struck by it); whereas leakage of political (state) secrets destroys one's entire kingdom with the king and the subjects. đđđ đ¸đđľđžđŚđ đ¨ đđđđđđ¤ đđđśđđđžđ°đđĽđžđ¨đđ¨ đđżđđ¤đŻđđ¤đ ༤ Alone one should not taste the delicious (but should share it with others); alone one should not think about affairs (serious), (but should consult with others wise), alone one should not proceed on a journey (but should have companions too), nor alone one should keep awake in the midst of others sleeping. đđđŽđđľđžđŚđđľđżđ¤đđŻđ đ¤đŚđđŻđŚđđ°đžđđ¨đđ¨đžđľđŹđđ§đđŻđ¸đ ༤ O King! You do not understand that there is only one ladder without a second to heaven, i.e., Truth, like the boat for the ocean (to cross over). đđđ đđđˇđŽđžđľđ¤đžđ đŚđđˇđ đŚđđľđżđ¤đđŻđ đ¨đđŞđ˛đđđŻđ¤đ ༤ There is only one defect in a man of patience. There is not a second and that is that people consider a man of patience as weak. đ¸đđ˝đ¸đđŻ đŚđđˇđ đ¨ đŽđđ¤đľđđŻđ đđđˇđŽđž đšđż đŞđ°đŽđ đŹđ˛đŽđ ༤ That (patience) should not be taken to be a defect for him. For patience is a great power. Patience is verily a virtue to the weak and an ornament to the strong. đđđˇđŽđž đľđśđđđđ¤đżđ°đđ˛đđđ đđđˇđŽđŻđž đđżđ đ¨ đ¸đžđ§đđŻđ¤đ ༤ Patience wins over all in the world. What is there that cannot be attained by patience? What can the wicket do to one who wields in his hand the sword of patience? đ
đ¤đđŁđ đŞđ¤đżđ¤đ đľđšđđ¨đżđ đ¸đđľđŻđŽđđľđđŞđśđžđŽđđŻđ¤đż ༤ Fire fallen on a grassless plot is extinguished of itself. A man without patience brings unto himself many troubles. đđđ đ§đ°đđŽđ đŞđ°đ đśđđ°đđŻđ đđđˇđŽđđđž đśđžđđ¤đżđ°đđ¤đđ¤đŽđž ༤ Righteousness is the one highest good. Patience is the one greatest peace. Knowledge is the one supreme contentment. Harmlessness is the one conducive to happiness. đŚđđľđžđľđżđŽđ đđđ°đ¸đ¤đ đđđŽđżđ đ¸đ°đđŞđ đŹđżđ˛đśđŻđžđ¨đżđľ ༤ Like unto a serpent that devours creatures living in burrows, the earth devours these two, viz., a king who does not fight (when attacked) and a Brahmin who does not journey abroad. đŚđđľđ đđ°đđŽđŁđ đ¨đ°đ đđđ°đđľđ¨đđ¨đ¸đđŽđżđ¨đ đ˛đđđ đľđżđ°đđđ¤đ ༤ A man shines in this world by doing two things, viz., by not speaking harsh words and not worshipping the wicked. đľđżđ°đđđ¤đ means shines or becomes becomes. đŚđđľđžđľđżđŽđ đŞđđ°đđˇđľđđŻđžđđđ° đŞđ°đŞđđ°đ¤đđŻđŻ đđžđ°đżđŁđ ༤ O Tiger among men! (Most illustrious!) There are two who act on the opinion of others (without a will of their own), viz., women who fondly desire for what is desired by others, and fools who offer worship to whose worshipped likewise. đŚđđľđžđľđżđŽđ đđđđđ đ¤đđđđˇđđŁđ đśđ°đđ°đŞđ°đżđśđđˇđŁđ ༤ These are two sharp thorns that tend to wither the body, viz., the poor man who desires, and one, who is not a master, becoming angry. đŚđđľđžđľđđľ đ¨ đľđżđ°đžđđđ¤đ đľđżđŞđ°đđ¤đđ¨ đđ°đđŽđŁđž ༤ These two will never shine on account of their incompatible acts, viz. a householder (đđđšđ¸đđĽ) without exertion and a religious mendicant (đ¸đ¨đđŻđžđ¸đż) with worldly affairs. đŚđđľđžđľđżđŽđ đŞđđ°đđˇđ đ°đžđđ¨đđ¸đđľđ°đđđ¸đđŻ đŞđ°đż đ¤đżđˇđđ đ¤đ ༤ These two men, O King, remain in the region above heaven, viz., a lord with patience and a poor man of bountifulnes. đ¨đđŻđžđŻđžđđ¤đ¸đđŻ đŚđđ°đľđđŻđ¸đđŻ đŹđđŚđđ§đľđđŻđ đŚđđľđžđľđ¤đżđđđ°đŽđ ༤ These two are to be known as misapplications of wealth rightly acquired, viz., to give to the undeserving and not to give to the worthy. đŚđđľđžđľđđđ¸đż đ¨đżđľđđˇđđđľđđŻđ đđ˛đ đŹđŚđđ§đđľđž đŚđđ˘đ đśđżđ˛đžđŽđ ༤ These two are to be immersed (drowned) in water with massive stone tied to their neck, viz., a rich man who does not give and a poor man who is not pious. đŚđđľđžđľđżđŽđ đŞđđ°đđˇđľđđŻđžđđđ° đ¸đđ°đđŻđŽđđĄđ˛đđđŚđżđ¨đ ༤ O Tiger among men! These two pierce the solar disc (and attain heaven), viz., an ascetic mastered (accomplished) in yoga and a warrior slain facing death in battle. đ¤đđ°đŻđ đ¨đđŻđžđŻđž đŽđ¨đđˇđđŻđžđŁđžđ đśđđ°đđŻđđ¤đ đđ°đ¤đ°đđˇđ ༤ O illustrious scion of Bharata dynasty! Those versed in the Vedas have declared that men's policies are said to be three, viz., inferior, middling and superior. đ¤đđ°đżđľđżđ§đžđ đŞđđ°đđˇđž đ°đžđđ¨đđ¨đđ¤đđ¤đŽđžđ§đŽđŽđ§đđŻđŽđžđ ༤ Men, O King, are of three sorts, good, bad and middling. These are indeed to be engaged respectively in the three sorts of work as befitting them. đ¤đđ°đŻ đđľđžđ§đ¨đž đ°đžđđ¨đđđžđ°đđŻđž đŚđžđ¸đ¸đđ¤đĽđž đ¸đđ¤đ ༤ These three, O king, are not entitled to their own wealth, viz., the wife, the employee, and the son, and whatever may be earned by them would belong to the one who supports them. đšđ°đŁđ đ đŞđ°đ¸đđľđžđ¨đžđ đŞđ°đŚđžđ°đžđđżđŽđ°đđśđ¨đŽđ ༤ To steal another's property, to commit outrage on another's wife, to give up a friend, these three tend to one's destruction (fall). đ¤đđ°đżđľđżđ§đ đ¨đ°đđ¸đđŻđđŚđ đŚđđľđžđ°đ đ¨đžđśđ¨đŽđžđ¤đđŽđ¨đ ༤ These three are the gates of hell and they destroy one's own self, viz., lust anger and covetousness. Therefore one should give up these three. đľđ°đŞđđ°đŚđžđ¨đ đ°đžđđđŻđžđ đ đŞđđ¤đđ°đđ¨đđŽ đ đđžđ°đ¤ ༤ Oh King of Bharata dynasty! giving boon (to dependents), winning kingdom and birth of a son, these three together, are equal in merit to the one, vis., liberating a foe from trouble (calamity). đđđđ¤đ đ đŹđđŽđžđ¨đ đ đ¤đľđžđ¸đđŽđđ¤đż đľđžđŚđżđ¨đŽđ ༤ A past faithful attendant, a present follower and one who says 'I am yours', these three who seek protection, should never be forsaken even if exposed to danger. đđ¤đđľđžđ°đż đ°đžđđđđž đ¤đ đŽđšđžđŹđ˛đđ¨ The wise declare that a king, though highly mighty, should avoid these four, viz, he should not take counsel of men of little wisdom, nor of the those who are slow to act, nor of the lazy, nor of the flattering bards. đđ¤đđľđžđ°đż đ¤đ đ¤đžđ¤ đđđšđ đľđ¸đđ¤đ Being a prosperous householder, you should let these four dwell with you, viz., the aged blood relatives, prominant persons fallen into adversity, poor friends, and unmarried/barren sisters. đđ¤đđľđžđ°đđŻđžđš đŽđšđžđ°đžđ đ¸đŚđđŻđ¸đđđžđ¨đż đŹđđšđ¸đđŞđ¤đżđ ༤ O mighty king! đŹđđšđ¸đđŞđ¤đż (the teacher of the devas) has declared unto the Lord of the Gods who asked him the four of instantaneous result. Be pleased to hear them from me. đŚđđľđ¤đžđ¨đžđ đ đ¸đđđ˛đđŞđŽđ¨đđđžđľđ đ đ§đđŽđ¤đžđŽđ ༤ The resolve of the Devas, the power or greatness of the intelligent (wise), the humility of the learned adn destruction of the sinful, all take effect at once. đđ¤đđľđžđ°đż đđ°đđŽđžđŁđđŻđđŻđđđ°đžđŁđż Due performance of these four which conduce to one's safety, leads to calamity if done improperly, viz., Agnihotra sacrifice, silence, study, and sacrifices in general, performed in a spirit of self-conceit. đŞđđđžđđđ¨đŻđ đŽđ¨đđˇđđŻđđŁ đŞđ°đżđđ°đđŻđžđ đŞđđ°đŻđ¤đđ¨đ¤đ ༤ O illustrious king of Bharata dynasty! these five fires are to be worshipped by every man at any cost, viz., father, mother, fire, one's soul and teacher. đŞđđđđľ đŞđđđŻđđ˛đđ˛đđđ đŻđśđ đŞđđ°đžđŞđđ¨đđ¤đż đđđľđ˛đŽđ ༤ One attains unalloyed fame in the world verily by rendering service to these five, viz., Gods, ancestors, men, sages and guests. đŞđđ đ¤đđľđžđ¨đđđŽđżđˇđđŻđđ¤đż đŻđ¤đđ° đŻđ¤đđ° đđŽđżđˇđđŻđ¸đż ༤ Wherever you will go, these five will follow you, viz., friends, foes, the indifferent, those who are to be maintained (like teachers) and dependents. đŞđđđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ¸đđŻ đŽđ°đđ¤đđŻđ¸đđŻ đđżđŚđđ°đ đđđŚđđđŽđżđđŚđđ°đżđŻđŽđ ༤ Of the five senses of a man, if one becomes defective (literally having a hole in it), then from that sense flows out his intelligence, like unto water running out from a vessel. đˇđĄđđŚđđˇđžđ đŞđđ°đđˇđđŁđđš đšđžđ¤đľđđŻđž đđđ¤đżđŽđżđđđđ¤đž ༤ Six evils are to be discarded by a person who longs after prosperity in this world, viz., sleep, drowsiness, fear, anger, laziness and procrastination. đˇđĄđżđŽđžđ¨đđŞđđ°đđˇđ đđšđđŻđžđŚđđđżđ¨đđ¨đžđ đ¨đžđľđŽđżđľđžđ°đđŁđľđ ༤ These six are to be abandoned by a man like a broken vessel in the ocean, viz., a teacher who does not explain the truths, an officiating priest in a sacrifice who cannot recite the Vedas, a king who is unable to protect (subjects), a wife that does not speak endearing words, a cowherd that desires to remain in the village (instead of going to the pasture fields), and a barber that wishes to go to the forest (instead of living in the village). đˇđĄđđľ đ¤đ đđđŁđžđ đŞđđđ¸đž đ¨ đšđžđ¤đľđđŻđžđ đđŚđžđđ¨ ༤ On the other hand, these six qualities are never to be shunned by a man, viz., truth, charity, diligence, absence of envy, patience and fortitude. đ
đ°đđĽđžđđŽđ đ¨đżđ¤đđŻđŽđ°đđđżđ¤đž đ O King, these six contribute to the happiness of man, viz., acquisition of wealth, continued health, a loving and sweet-tongued wife, an obedient son and knowledge that would help to earn money (or the high ends of life). đˇđŁđđŁđžđŽđžđ¤đđŽđ¨đż đ¨đżđ¤đđŻđžđ¨đžđŽđđśđđľđ°đđŻđ đŻđđ˝đ§đżđđđđđ¤đż ༤ He who gains mastery over the six that are inherent in the human mind, that one who has conquered the senses is not tainted with sins; how then visited with calamities? đˇđĄđżđŽđ đˇđđđ¸đ đđđľđđ¤đż đ¸đŞđđ¤đŽđ đ¨đđŞđ˛đđđŻđ¤đ ༤ These six thrive always upon the six and a seventh is not had, viz., thieves on teh careless; physicians, on the sick; women, on the lustful, priests, on the performer of sacrifices, the king on those quarrelling, and the learned, on the ignorant illiterate. đˇđĄđżđŽđžđ¨đż đľđżđ¨đśđđŻđđ¤đż đŽđđšđđ°đđ¤đŽđ¨đľđđđđˇđŁđžđ¤đ ༤ These six are destroyed if neglected for a moment, viz., cows, service agriculture, wife, learning and association with a sudra (a lower order in the society). đˇđĄđđ¤đ đšđđŻđľđŽđ¨đđŻđđ¤đ đ¨đżđ¤đđŻđ đŞđđ°đđľđđŞđđžđ°đżđŁđŽđ ༤ These six always forget those who have obliged them before, viz., pupils forget their teacher after education, sons their mother, after marriage; lovers forget women after gratification of their lust, successful men, those that have contributed to their success, those that have crossed the vast sea, the boat that took them across, and healthy patients, the physician after their cure. đđ°đđđđŻđŽđžđ¨đđŁđđŻđŽđľđżđŞđđ°đľđžđ¸đ O King, these six contribute to the happiness of men, viz., sound health, undebtedness, to have no sojourn abroad from home, association with the good virtuous, occupation in conformity with one's own inclination (view), and living without fear. đđ°đđˇđđ°đđđđŁđ đ¨đ¸đđ¤đđˇđđđ đđđ°đđ§đ¨đ đ¨đżđ¤đđŻđśđđđżđ¤đ ༤ These six are always miserable (distressed), viz., the jealous, the tender-hearted, the discontented, the irritable, the ever-suspicious and those that live upon other's fortunes. đ¸đŞđđ¤ đŚđđˇđžđ đ¸đŚđž đ°đžđđđđž đšđžđ¤đľđđŻđž đľđđŻđ¸đ¨đđŚđŻđžđ ༤ These seven evils which lead to calamity should always be avoided by a king. For the most part, even steadfast Gods (or kings firmly established) come by their ruin on account of these. đ¸đđ¤đđ°đżđŻđđ˝đđđˇđž đŽđđđŻđž đŞđžđ¨đ đľđžđđđŞđžđ°đđˇđđŻđ đ đŞđđđŽđŽđ ༤ Women, gamling, hunting, drinking, and fifth, harshness of speech, great severity of punishment and misuse of wealth (are the above seven). đ
đˇđđđ đŞđđ°đđľđ¨đżđŽđżđ¤đđ¤đžđ¨đż đ¨đ°đ¸đđŻ đľđżđ¨đśđżđˇđđŻđ¤đ ༤ Eight are the previous symptoms of a man's impending destruction, viz., hatred against Brahmins, opposition to the Brahmins, appropriation of Brahmin's property, desire to kill or do harm to Brahmins, joy or delight in their censure, disapproval (sorrow) in their praise, forgetting them in ceremonies, and anger in their asking for favours. A wise man should know these evils and knowing, them, eschew. đ
đˇđđđžđľđżđŽđžđ¨đż đšđ°đđˇđ¸đđŻ đ¨đľ đ¨đđ¤đžđ¨đż đđžđ°đ¤ ༤ O King of Bharata dynasty! These eight are seen to exist as the cream of delight and they are verily one's own happiness, viz., union with friends, acquisition of immense wealth, embrace of son, confluence in sexual union (equal passion of love), sweet conversation at the proper time elevation among one's own class, acquisition of what is wished for and respect in the assemblage of people (society). đ
đˇđđđ đđđŁđžđ đŞđđ°đđˇđ đŚđđŞđŻđđ¤đż Eight qualities add lustre to a man, viz., wisdom, high birth, self-restraint, learning, valour, moderation in speech, charity according to one's power, and gratitude. đ¨đľđŚđđľđžđ°đŽđżđŚđ đľđđśđđŽ đ¤đđ°đżđ¸đđĽđđŁđ đŞđđ đ¸đžđđđˇđżđđŽđ ༤ This house has nine doors, three pillars, five attendants and is presided by the soul. The learned man who knows this is a great sage of philosophical wisdom. đŚđś đ§đ°đđŽđ đ¨ đđžđ¨đđ¤đż đ§đđ¤đ°đžđˇđđđđ° đ¨đżđŹđđ§ đ¤đžđ¨đ ༤ O Dhritarashtra! Ten do not know what virtue is. Know them. These ten are, the intoxicated, the inattentive, the raving, the wearied, the angry, the hungry, the hasty, the covetous, the terrified, and the lustful. Therefore a wise man should not take to these modes or conditions, (or should not be attached to these men). đ
đ¤đđ°đđľđđŚđžđšđ°đđ¤đđŽđŽđżđ¤đżđšđžđ¸đ đŞđđ°đžđ¤đ¨đŽđ ༤ Illustrating this is an old story, a dialogue between Sudhanvan (a Brahmin) and the King of the Asuras (Prahlada) regarding the latter's son (Virochana). đŻđ đđžđŽđŽđ¨đđŻđ đŞđđ°đđšđžđ¤đż đ°đžđđž That king who gives up lust and anger and confers wealth on the deserving, who is discriminative, learned, and of quick action, - he is looked upon as an authority by the entire world. đđžđ¨đžđ¤đż đľđżđśđđľđžđ¸đŻđżđ¤đđ đŽđ¨đđˇđđŻđžđ¨đ He who knows how to inspire confidence in men, who gives appropriate punishment to those whose guilt has been proved, who knows the right measure of punishment and likewise mercy - him attends all prosperity. đ¸đđŚđđ°đđŹđ˛đ đ¨đžđľđđžđ¨đžđ¤đż đđđđżđŚđ- He is wise (or bold) who does not disregard his foe, howsoever weak he might be, who moves cautiously with him biding his time, who does not wish to enter into hostilities with those mightier than himself and who strikes (shows his prowess) in time. đŞđđ°đžđŞđđŻđžđŞđŚđ đ¨ đľđđŻđĽđ¤đ đđŚđž đđżđŚđ That high-souled one who, faced with adversity, does not grieve at all, who seeks after exertion assiduously, who endures misery in time, is the foremost of men, and he has all his foes conquered. đ
đ¨đ°đđĽđđ đľđżđŞđđ° đľđžđ¸đ đđđšđđđđŻđ He who does not live away from home without purpose, nor mingle with the sinful, nor commit outrage on another's wife, who is neither arrogant, stealthy, slanderous, nor addicted to drinking, he is always happy. đ¨ đ¸đđ°đđđđŁđžđ°đđ¤đđ˝đ°đđĽđľđ°đđđŽđ He is a wise man who does not proceed with impetuosity to gain the three ends of life (viz., Dharma, Artha and Kama), who when questioned speaks only the truth, who does not like to enter into a quarrel (controversy) even for the sake of a friend and who never feels angry though not respected by others. đ¨ đŻđđ˝đđđŻđ¸đđŻđ¤đđŻđ¨đđđđŞđ¤đ đ He who is not jealous of any but is sympathetic towards all, who being weak does not enter into opposition with any, who does not speak arrogantly (exceeding propriety), and who forgives a quarrel, such a man meets with praise everywhere. đŻđ đ¨đđŚđđ§đ¤đ đđđ°đđ¤đ đđžđ¤đ đľđđˇđ He who never puts on haughty airs (or is never guadily dressed), never reviles others boasting himself the while, and who never speaks harsh to others getting himself excited (oblivious of himself), he is indeed ever endeared by all. đ¨ đľđđ°đŽđđŚđđŚđđŞđŻđ¤đż đŞđđ°đśđžđđ¤đ The virtuous noble call him a man of extremely good conduct who never rakes up old hostility, who never grows proud, but is ever calm, and who never takes to improper or unjust acts in the thought that he has become poor or is beset with misfortune. đ¨ đ¸đđľđ đ¸đđđ đľđ đđđ°đđ¤đ đŞđđ°đšđ°đđˇđ He is called a man of noble character worthy of the virtuous who does not exult in his happiness nor is delighted in another's misery, and who does not repent after having once made a gift of anything. đŚđđśđžđđžđ°đžđ¨đđ¸đŽđŻđžđđđžđ¤đżđ§đ°đđŽđžđ¨đ He who wishes to gain an insight into the local customs, conventional usages and the duties of the several castes, is one who know all high and low. Wherever he visits, he lords always over the great men (of the place). đŚđđđ đŽđđšđ đŽđ¤đđ¸đ°đ đŞđžđŞđđđ¤đđŻđ The wise man who shuns trickery, folly, enmity (quarrelsomeness), sinful deeds, treason or disloyalty to the king, roguery (slandering), enmity towards his own guild and conversation (controversy) with the drunk, insane and the wicked, stands pre-eminent in society. đŚđŽđ đśđđđ đŚđđľđ¤đ đŽđđđ˛đžđ¨đż The Gods look to his prosperity who daily practices the obligatory duties of self control, purification, worship of the Gods, auspicious rites, expiatory ceremonies and diverse discourses on worldly topics. đ¸đŽđđ°đđľđżđľđžđšđ đđđ°đđ¤đ đ¨ đšđđ¨đđ The ways of life of that wise man are well guided who enters into matrimonial alliance with equals and not with those inferior to him and whose friendship, dealings and conversation are likewise with equals and who gives precedence to the meritoriously eminent. đŽđżđ¤đ đđđđđđ¤đ đ¸đđľđżđđđđŻđžđśđđ°đżđ¤đđđđŻđ He who eats moderate sharing the food with his dependants, who sleeps but little after doing heavy work and who, when besought for help, gives it even unto a foe - him of such understanding, calamities never visit. đđżđđđ°đđˇđżđ¤đ đľđżđŞđđ°đđđ¤đ đ đŻđ¸đđŻ None of his desired objects, howsoever insignificant, slips away from him whose counsels are kept secret and duly carried out, and whose intended acts of retaliation to harm, others do not know at all. (such a man accomplishes all his objects). đŻđ đ¸đ°đđľđđđ¤đŞđđ°đśđŽđ đ¨đżđľđżđˇđđđ He who is occupied in bringing peace to all creatures (whose actions are calculated to the peace of all beings), who is truthful, kind, of self-respect and pure intentions (mind) becomes highly known among his kinsfolk, like a lustrous gem of the first water. đŻ đđ¤đđŽđ¨đžđŞđ¤đđ°đŞđ¤đ đđđśđ đ¨đ°đ That man who is extremely ashamed within himself of his acts (though not known to others) becomes indeed a teacher to the entire world. Of infinite energy, a good heart, centred within himself (with inward calmness), he shines with his energy like unto a sun. đľđ¨đ đđžđ¤đžđ đśđžđŞđŚđđđ§đ¸đđŻ đ°đžđđđđ O Son of Ambika! (Dhritarashtra), to the King Pandu consumed by (the fire of) curse (of a sage) was born in the forest five sons like unto five Indras (Lord of Gods). These children have been brought up and taught by you and they obey your command. đŞđđ°đŚđžđŻđđˇđžđŽđđđżđ¤đ đ¤đžđ¤ đ°đžđđđŻđ O King! Giving them their just share of the kingdom due to their father, you will be happy rejoicing with the sons and then you shall not be reprehensible either before Gods or men. ༼ đđ¤đż đśđđ°đđŽđšđžđđžđ°đ¤đ đđŚđđŻđđđŞđ°đđľđŁđż đŞđđ°đđžđđ°đŞđ°đđľđŁđż
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