đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ, đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ, đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ
đśđđ˛đđđ
đŽđ¨đ đŹđđ§đđŻđšđđđžđ° đđżđ¤đđ¤đžđ¨đż đ¨đžđšđ
đ¨ đ đśđđ°đđ¤đđ° đđżđšđđľđ đ¨ đ đđđ°đžđŁđ¨đđ¤đđ°đ ༤
đ¨ đ đľđđŻđđŽ đđđŽđżđ°đ-đ¨ đ¤đđđ đ¨ đľđžđŻđđ
đđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚ đ°đđŞđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđŽđ ༼ 1 ༼
Meaning
đ
đšđŽđ-here represents the Atman, the one True Self. đŽđ¨đ-manas/mind, đŹđđŚđđ§đż-buddhi/intellect, đ
đšđđđžđ°- ahamkara/Ego and đđżđ¤đđ¤-chitta/faculty- of recollection are the four-fold aspects of Antah-Karana (Totality of Mind). đśđđ°đđ¤đđ°-Faculty of hearing, đđżđšđđľđ-faculty of taste, đđđ°đžđŁ đ¨đđ¤đđ°đ-faculty of smell and sight.
đ¨ đ đľđđŻđđŽ đđđŽđżđ°đ-đ¨ đ¤đđđ đ¨ đľđžđŻđđ- I am not the space, nor the earth, nor light/fire nor the air. đľđđŻđđŽ-Space, đđđŽđżđ°đ-Earth, đ¤đđđ-Light/Fire and đľđžđŻđ-Air. These four along with đđŞđ-water constitutes the Pancha Mahabhutas-the Five great elements. The Atman is different from these great elements.
đđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚ đ°đđŞđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ- I am the Auspiciousness (Shiva), which is the very nature of Consiousness and Bliss. đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ- Atman is being defined as đˇđżđľ- Auspiciousness or âAshuddhaâ referring the âAtmanâ to be âShuddha/pureâ, that is free from impurities, free from any dualities. The Atman is âAnanda Svaroopaâ- the very nature of supreme bliss. Further, it isâ Chit-Svaroopaâ, the very nature of Knowledge. Hence, Atman is called as âShivaâ- pure and auspicious which is of the nature of Knowledge and Bliss.
I am not the mind, Intellect, Ego and faculty of recollections (i.e. the 4 types of Antah-Karana); nor am I the faculty of hearing, faculty of taste, faculty of smell and faculty of sight (i.e. the Jnanendriyas- the faculties of perception). Nor am I the space, the earth, nor the fire/light nor the air (i.e. the Mahabhutas-the great elements). I am Shiva (Auspiciousness) of the nature of Consciousness and Bliss.
đśđđ˛đđđ
đ¨ đ đŞđđ°đžđŁ đ¸đđđđđ đ¨ đľđ đŞđđđľđžđŻđđ
đ¨ đľđž đ¸đŞđđ¤đ§đžđ¤đđ°đ-đ¨ đľđž đŞđđđđđśđžđ ༤
đ¨đľđžđđđŞđžđŁđż đŞđžđŚđ đ¨ đđđŞđ¸đđĽ đŞđžđŻđ
đđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚ đ°đđŞđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđŽđ ༼ 2 ༼
Meaning
đ¨ đ đŞđđ°đžđŁ đ¸đđđđđ- I am not that which is called as Prana (i.e. Mula Prakriti). đ¸đđđđđ-is a noun, it is a designation. Hence, đŞđđ°đžđŁ đ¸đđđđđ means âthat which is called as Pranaâ. What is it that is referred as âPranaâ? It is the Mula-Prakriti or Maya. Hence, the Atman is different from Mula-Prakriti or Casual body.
đ¨ đľđ đŞđđđľđžđŻđđ- I am not even the five vital airs. đŞđđđľđžđŻđđ-Five vital airs are Prana, Apana, Vyana, Udana and Samana. Prana causes respiration, Apana is the force that causes excretion, Vyana causes circulation, Udana is the force that, at death carries Subtle body out of Physical body, Samana causes digestion and assimilation. The Atman is different from these Pancha-Vayus.
đ¨ đľđž đ¸đŞđđ¤đ§đžđ¤đđ°đ- - I am not even the Seven-fold material. đ¸đŞđđ¤đ§đžđ¤đđ- represents the seven type of materials that make up the gross body/Stula Sharira. They are Rasa/lymph or plasma, Rakta/blood, Mamsa/flesh, Meda/fat, Asthi/Bone, Majja/Marrow and Sukra/Semen. These seven Dhatus make up the Gross body/Stula Sharira of a Jiva. Here, Adi Shankaracharya is saying that, Atman is different than the Gross Body.
đ¨ đľđž đŞđđđđđśđ- I am not even the five sheaths. पŕ¤ŕĽŕ¤ŕ¤ŕĽŕ¤ś:- The five sheaths are the five layers of bondage and Ignorance that bounds a Jiva. The five sheaths are- Annamaya Kosha, Pranamaya Kosha, Manomaya Kosha, Vigyanamaya Kosha and Anandamaya Kosha. Faculties of speech, of grasping (hands), of movement (feet).
đ¨đľđžđđđŞđžđŁđż đŞđžđŚđ đ¨ đđđŞđ¸đđĽ đŞđžđŻđ- - Neither am I the faculty of speech, nor of grasping nor movement nor procreation nor excretion. đľđžđđđŞđžđŁđż- đŞđžđŚđ- Faculties of speech, of grasping (hands), of movement (feet). đđŞđ¸đđĽ- faculty of procreation (genitals), đŞđžđŻđ- faculty of excretion (anus). These five together form the Pancha Karmendriyas- the faculties of action. The verse is saying that Atman is different from these faculties of action.
Translation
Neither am I (that which is called as) Prana (i.e. Mula-Prakriti), nor am I the five vital airs (i.e. Pancha Prana/Pancha Vayu), nor am I the seven-fold material (that make up gross body), nor am I the five sheaths. Neither am I the faculty of speech, nor the faculty of grasping (i.e. hands) nor the faculty of moving (i.e. legs), nor the faculty of procreation, nor that of excretion. ). I am Shiva (Auspiciousness) of the nature of Consciousness and Bliss.
đśđđ˛đđđ
đ¨ đŽđ đŚđđľđđˇđ°đžđđ đ¨ đŽđ đ˛đđđŽđđšđ
đŽđŚđ đ¨đđľ đŽđ đ¨đđľ đŽđžđ¤đđ¸đ°đđŻđđžđľđ ༤
đ¨ đ§đ°đđŽđ đ¨ đđžđ°đđ§đ đ¨ đđžđŽđ đ¨ đŽđđđđˇđ
đđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚ đ°đđŞđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđŽđ ༼ 3 ༼
Meaning
đ¨ đŽđ đŚđđľđđˇđ°đžđđ đ¨ đŽđ đ˛đđđŽđđšđ đŽđŚđ đ¨đđľ đŽđ đ¨đđľ đŽđžđ¤đđ¸đ°đđŻđđžđľđ- Neither have I hatred nor desire (for anything), neither have I greed nor delusion, nor pride and nor even the feelings of jealousy. Lust, hatred, delusion, pride, jealousy, and greed these six are called as Arishadvargas- the six passions of mind because, all these feelings have their source in mind and also affect oneâs mind. They are also called as Shad Ripus- the six internal enemies because, they are the impurities present in an Individual which makes an Individual act in a wrong and adharmic way. A person under the influence of these internal enemies commits Papam-Sins and hence would suffer as a result sorrow and pains (Dukka) thereby increasing the bondage to Samsara/World. But, Atman being devoid of any limitations or any bodies is also devoid of these six passions. Hence, a Jivanmukta, who has achieved Atma Jnana-Realized the Self, would be free from these internal passions of mind. A Jnani neither acts out of lust, nor out of hatred, or pride or jealousy. A Jnani having realized that the whole world is in his Atman and his Atman is in whole world (3), he always maintains Sama-drishti i.e.same-sightedness towards everyone.
đ¨ đ§đ°đđŽđ đ¨ đđžđ°đđ§đ đ¨ đđžđŽđ đ¨ đŽđđđđˇđ- Neither have I (a need for or obligation towards) Dharma, nor (towards) Artha, nor towards Kama nor towards Moksha. Dharma, Artha Kama and Moksha form the four-fold Purusharthas, the objectives of Human life. In context of an individual, Dharma refers to living oneâs life according to tenets mentioned in the Shastras like Satya/Truthfulness, Asteya/Non-stealing, Ahimsa/Non-violence, Shaucha/cleanliness etc and performing Karmas and duties towards family and society as enjoined in the Shastras to the best of oneâs ability and avoiding those actions that are prohibited in the Shastras like homicide, stealing etc. âArthaâ refers to the wealth (both material and heavenly) one must attain through proper dharmic means, free from corruption and dishonesty. âKaamaâ refers to any desires and dreams an Individual has. Those desires must be fulfilled through Dharmic means and not by resorting to adharmic means. These three refers to the goals pertaining to oneâs immediate life. The ultimate goal of life is âMokshaâ or liberation from Karmic cycle of birth and death. The practice of Dharma, Artha, Kaama sincerely by performing all Karmas prescribed in the Shastras (Karma Anushtana) and the practice of Bhakti (meditations etc) as advised in the Shastras would eventually lead a person to purification of his mind and then through the practice of Jnana-Sadhana, one would achieve Atma Jnana and Moksha.
Hence, these objectives of life are prescribed for an individual who is living in the Samsara, and bound by it. On the other hand, a Jnani who has attained Atma-Jnana and has realized that Atman is everything and nothing else is left to be attained. Hence, a Jnani is no longer bound by any obligations to perform or attain any of the Purusharthas as he has already attained everything that was there to attain.
Translation
Neither have I hatred nor desire (for anything), neither have I greed nor delusion, nor pride and nor even the feelings of jealousy. Neither have I (a need for or obligation towards) Dharma (i.e. practicing duties and righteousness), nor (towards) Artha ( i.e. procuring material wellness), nor towards Kama (i.e. fulfilling desires), nor towards Moksha (i.e. attaining Liberation-freedom from birth and death). I am Shiva (Auspiciousness) of the nature of Consciousness and Bliss.
đśđđ˛đđđ
đ¨ đŞđđŁđđŻđ đ¨ đŞđžđŞđ đ¨ đ¸đđđđŻđ đ¨ đŚđđđđ
đ¨ đŽđđ¤đđ°đ đ¨ đ¤đđ°đđĽđ đ¨ đľđđŚđž đ¨ đŻđđđđ ༤
đ
đšđ đđđđ¨đ đ¨đđľ đđđđđŻđ đ¨ đđđđđ¤đž
đđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚ đ°đđŞđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđŽđ ༼ 4 ༼
Meaning
đ¨ đŞđđŁđđŻđ đ¨ đŞđžđŞđ đ¨ đ¸đđđđŻđ đ¨ đŚđđđđ - Neither have I Punyam (Good Karmas), nor have I Papam (Bad Karmas), (hence) neither have I happiness, nor sorrow. As Atman is devoid of any Karmas or Limitations. there is nothing that can be called as Punya/good Karmas or Paapa/bad Karmas for a Jnani. A Jivanmukta having realized Atman, is also devoid of any bondage or ignorance. Hence, he is neither bound by the Karmas nor bound by Karmic fruits. Hence, he neither has Punya nor Paapam and correspondingly, he neither experiences Sukha/happiness nor experiences Dukka/sorrow. A Jnani is ever situated in Ananda/eternal Bliss.
đ¨ đŽđđ¤đđ°đ đ¨ đ¤đđ°đđĽđ đ¨ đľđđŚđž đ¨ đŻđđđđ- Neither have I (a need for or obligation towards) Mantra, nor (towards) visiting holy places, nor (towards) studying Vedas, nor (towards) performing Yajnas. Similarly, a Jnani is neither obliged to nor bound to perform any Mantra sadhana nor visit any holy places as he has become verily the Atman, which is everything that exist and is the nature of supreme bliss. đŽđđ¤đđ°đ- refers to Mantra Sadhana or âDevata Upasanaâ. đŻđđđ- refers to performance of fire-rituals (Yajnas) and other rituals enjoined in Shastras called as âKarma Anushtanaâ. đ¤đđ°đđĽđŽđ- refers to visiting various holy places that are considered as âPunya Karmasâ. đľđđŚđž- refers to study of Vedas by those who are competent for it. This is enjoined as a Duty of such a person in the scriptures. A person in the Samsara, who desires spiritual progress and attainment of Moksha, is instructed by the Shastras to perform the Karma Anushtana, Devata Upasana etc. But, a Jnani who having attained Moksha and have realized his own Atman, has already achieved whatever there was to achieve. Hence, he is devoid of all such obligations to performing any Karmas.
đ
đšđ đđđđ¨đ đ¨đđľ đđđđđŻđ đ¨ đđđđđ¤đž- I am neither the food (i.e. the object), nor the act of eating the food (i.e. the interaction between subject and object), nor the enjoyer/consumer of food (i.e. the subject). Here, the verse is again describing what Atman is not. The object that is enjoyed is the subtle and gross Universe. The Subject who is enjoying the Universe refers to the Prajna identifying itself with Mula-Prakriti. The act of enjoyment refers to the act of creation of Universe. The Brahman through his Maya imagines himself to be the cause of the Universe. This Brahman that is endowed with and identified with Maya/Mula Prakriti and is the cause of the Universe is called as Prajna/Ishwara/Karana Brahman/MulaPrakriti. This Prajna is the eater of the food, the subject, the enjoyer of the Universe. The whole Universe, both subtle and gross that manifest out of this Mula-Prakriti is called as food, the object of enjoyment. This Prajna exists as Hiranyagarba and enjoys the subtle Universe and as Virat enjoys the gross Universe. Hence, the verse is saying that the Atman is Turiya-the fourth state (i.e. Paramarthika Satya) beyond the three states of gross, subtle and the unmanifested. Atman is devoid of this duality of Subject and Object i.e. of Karana and Karya. Similarly, a Jivanmukta who is permanently rooted in Turiya or Paramartika is neither bound by subject nor by object. He is beyond all dualities. He perceives Atman alone everywhere.
Translation
Neither have I Punyam (Good Karmas), nor have I Papam (Bad Karmas), (hence) neither have I happiness, nor sorrow. Neither have I (a need for or obligation towards) Mantra (i.e. practice of Mantra Sadhana/Vidya Upasana), nor (towards) visiting holy places, nor (towards) studying Vedas, nor (towards) performing Yajnas (i.e. Karma Anushtana). I am neither the food (i.e. the object), nor the act of eating the food (i.e. the interaction between subject and object), nor the enjoyer/consumer of food (i.e. the subject). I am Shiva (Auspiciousness) of the nature of Consciousness and Bliss.
đśđđ˛đđđ
đ¨ đŽđđ¤đđŻđđśđđđž đ¨ đŽđ đđžđ¤đż đđđŚđ
đŞđżđ¤đž đ¨đđľ đŽđ đ¨đđľ đŽđžđ¤đž đ¨ đđ¨đđŽđ ༤
đ¨ đŹđđ§đđ°đ-đ¨ đŽđżđ¤đđ°đ đđđ°đđ°đđ¨đđľ đśđżđˇđđŻđ
đđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚ đ°đđŞđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđŽđ ༼ 5 ༼
Meaning
đ¨ đŽđđ¤đđŻđđśđđđž đ¨ đŽđ đđžđ¤đż đđđŚđ- Neither have I fear of death, nor caste distinction. A Jnani who has gone beyond birth and death and attained Immortality, does not have any fear of death. Having realized his true Self, he is ever free without fear or sorrow. Further, a Jnani just like he was not bound by Purusharthas or the Karmas Anushtana, so also he is not bound by the distinction of caste. He is devoid of any restrictions, obligations and bondages that is present in Samsara.
đŞđżđ¤đž đ¨đđľ đŽđ đ¨đđľ đŽđžđ¤đž đ¨ đđ¨đđŽđ đ¨ đŹđđ§đđ°đ-đ¨ đŽđżđ¤đđ°đ đđđ°đđ°đđ¨đđľ đśđżđˇđđŻđ- Neither have I father, nor mother, nor birth, nor acquaintance nor friend nor teacher nor disciple. A Jnani has no worldly attachments or relationships. Having realized that everything is his Atman alone, for him everyone is his own. There are no special bonds, special relationships with any. He is free from any Rina-Bandha, the Karmic bond that binds people. He remains as ever free.
Translation
Neither have I fear of death, nor caste distinction. I have neither father, nor mother, nor even birth. Neither have I any acquaintance, nor friends, nor any Guru/teacher, nor any Shishya/disciple. I am Shiva (Auspiciousness) of the nature of Consciousness and Bliss.
đśđđ˛đđđ
đ
đšđ đ¨đżđ°đđľđżđđ˛đđŞđ đ¨đżđ°đžđđžđ° đ°đđŞđ
đľđżđđđ¤đđľđžđđđ đ¸đ°đđľđ¤đđ° đ¸đ°đđľđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđžđŁđžđŽđ ༤
đ¨ đđžđ¸đđđ¤đ đ¨đđľ đŽđđđđ¤đżđ°đđ¨ đŽđđŻđ
đđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚ đ°đđŞđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđŽđ ༼ 6 ༼
Meaning
đ
đšđ- I. Here it means âAtmanâ.
đ¨đżđ°đđľđżđđ˛đđŞđ- Changeless one without a second. It refers to One Truth without an alternative, without a second entity. That is, Atman alone exists and whatever exist, it is Atman alone. Further, đ¨đżđ°đđľđżđđ˛đđŞđ- means âwithout change or modificationsâ. The Universe or Jagat/Srishti is subjected to six stages of changes called as âShad-Vikarasâ. They are Potential form, Birth, Growth, Transformation, Decay and Death. But, Atman being Eternal and Birth-less, is without these changes i.e. Atman is not subjected to these modifications. Hence, it implies that Atman is devoid of Srishti. In the Paramartika state, there is neither creation nor dissolution. Hence, no Universe exists in Reality. The whole Jagat manifested by Brahman through his power of Maya in the form of imagination or mirage.
đ¨đżđ°đžđđžđ° đ°đđŞđ- Of the nature of formlessness. The Jagat or Srishti/Universe is full of forms. The Manifested Universe has infinite number of names and forms. The Unmanifested Prakriti is in a state of Unmanifestation or Seed i.e. a state of form-fullness where all the infinite forms are in seed state. Hence, by đ¨đżđ°đžđđžđ° it is meant that, Atman is devoid of both Karya Brahman (Manifested Universe full of forms) and the Karana Brahman (Unmanifested seed in a state of form-fullness). Hence, in Paramartika dasha, state of Absolute Reality, the Atman is devoid of Jagat i.e. Jagat does not exist. In other words, the existence of Jagat is only through Maya in the form of mirage or imagination.
đľđżđđđ¤đđľđžđđđ đ¸đ°đđľđ¤đđ° đ¸đ°đđľđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđžđŁđžđŽđ- All-powerful, Omnipresent who inhabits all the senses. In the Vyavaharika dasha (the state of Duality or Samsara) i.e. in the Jagat/Srishti, the Brahman/Atman is Omni-present and Omnipotent. It is He, who inhabits everything and everywhere including the senses as their True-Self.
đ¨ đľđž đŹđđ§đ¨đ/đ¸đđđ¤đ - I am not Un-related. Atman is not Un-related means, Atman is related to everything as their Inner-most Self. In the Jagat, in Vyavaharika dasha it is Atman alone who inhabits everything as their own Self. Hence, he is related to everything.
đ¨đđľ đŽđđđđ¤đżđ°đđ¨ đŹđđ§đ/đŽđđŻđ- Neither do I have Liberation, nor do I have Limitation. In Paramartika Dasha, there is neither creation nor dissolution, neither liberation nor limitation. Atman is eternal and free from all kinds of limitations. Atman is Infinite beyond any limitations. Similarly Atman is devoid of Liberation. When, there is no Bondage or Limitation on Atman, no question of Liberation or freedom from bondage arises for Atman.
đđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚ đ°đđŞđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ - I am Shiva (Auspiciousness) of the nature of Consciousness and Bliss. As explained before.
Translation
I am the Changeless one without a second, without a form, All-powerful, Omnipresent who inhabits all the senses. I am not Un-related (i.e. related to everything as their Atman/Inner Self), neither do I have Liberation, nor do I have Limitation. I am Shiva (Auspiciousness) of the nature of Consciousness and Bliss.
đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ, đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ, đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ đśđżđľđđ˝đšđ
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