đđ đđȘđšđżđ·đ€đ đ
đ§đđŻđŸđŻ 1, đ”đČđđČđ 2, is one of the most decisive teaching sections in all Vedanta because it explicitly distinguishes đ¶đđ°đđŻđžđ (the truly beneficial) from đȘđđ°đđŻđžđ (the merely pleasant). This distinction is not moral simplification; it is an existential diagnostic that determines whether life matures toward freedom or circles within compulsion.
The entire conversation between đŻđź and đšđđżđđđ€đŸ in this đ”đČđđČđ unfolds as a living test of spiritual maturity. đŻđźđ offers comfort, pleasure, power, longevity, and celestial enjoyment; đšđđżđđđ€đŸ refuses everything that cannot survive death. In this refusal, the Upanishad presents authentic đźđđźđđđđ·đđ€đđ” - not despair, but intelligent non-compromise.
Adi Shankaracharya's reading treats this section as a foundational gateway to Advaita: discrimination between permanent and impermanent, the limits of wealth and ritual merit, and the indispensability of qualified instruction for đđ€đđź-đđđđŸđš. The famous lines on đđ, the unborn Self, and the conditions for realization are all contained here.
For modern seekers, this đ”đČđđČđ is direct and uncompromising medicine. It addresses desire-overload, status anxiety, knowledge-arrogance, and fear of loss. Read it as a practical training text: choose the enduring over the immediate, refine attention, seek true guidance, and orient life toward the deathless.
đ
đ§đđŻđŸđŻ 1
đ”đČđđČđ 2
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đ
đ§đđŻđŸđŻ 1 - chapter 1 of the teaching progression
đ”đČđđČđ 2 - section 2 within this chapter
đžđđŠđ°đđđ - the thematic locus in the unfolding Katha instruction
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
This is Katha Upanishad chapter 1, section 2, the section that establishes the decisive beneficial-versus-pleasant discrimination and seeker-qualification teachings.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
This header is not a mere navigational label; it defines where the seeker stands in the pedagogical arc. đ
đ§đđŻđŸđŻ marks macro-progression, while đ”đČđđČđ marks the precise contemplative segment being unfolded.
Traditional acharya method, including Shankara's krama-sensitive exposition, depends on such sequencing clarity: each đ”đČđđČđ is read in continuity with what precedes and as preparation for what follows. Ignoring section-locus often causes doctrinal flattening and loss of practical force.
Practically, this heading invites disciplined study order. Before reading individual mantras, locate the section-purpose and keep that thread active; this greatly improves retention, coherence, and life-application of the teaching.
đ
đšđđŻđđđđđ°đđŻđđœđšđđŻđŠđđ€đđ” đȘđđ°đđŻđžđđ€đ đđđ đšđŸđšđŸđ°đđ„đ đȘđđ°đđ·đ đžđżđšđđ€đà„€
đ€đŻđđ đ¶đđ°đđŻ đđŠđŠđŸđšđžđđŻ đžđŸđ§đđ°đđđ”đ€đż đčđđŻđ€đđœđ°đđ„đŸđŠđđŻ đ đȘđđ°đđŻđ đ”đđŁđđ€đ à„„1à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đ
đšđđŻđ€đ đ¶đđ°đđŻđ đ
đšđđŻđ€đ đȘđđ°đđŻđ - one is the truly good, another the merely pleasant
đđđ đšđŸđšđŸđ°đđ„đ - both have different ends
đȘđđ°đđ·đ đžđżđšđđ€đ - both approach and bind the human being
đ¶đđ°đđŻđ đđŠđŠđŸđšđžđđŻ đžđŸđ§đ đđ”đ€đż - choosing the truly beneficial leads to true welfare
đȘđđ°đđŻđ đ”đđŁđđ€đ đčđđŻđ€đ - choosing Preyas causes decline from the real aim
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
The beneficial and the pleasant are different: one leads to lasting good, the other to fleeting pleasure. Both come to a person. One who chooses the beneficial thrives in the highest sense; one who chooses the merely pleasant falls away from the true goal.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The Upanishad opens this section with a non-negotiable axis: all meaningful spiritual life depends on distinguishing enduring good from immediate gratification. This is not anti-pleasure rhetoric; it is teleological clarity about consequence.
Shankara interprets đ¶đđ°đđŻđžđ as that which supports liberation and đȘđđ°đđŻđžđ as that which reinforces đžđđžđŸđ° through attachment. This directly echoes Gita's long arc of preference re-education, where short-term craving repeatedly obstructs stable wisdom.
Practically, this verse is a daily decision filter: ask of every major choice, "Does this strengthen clarity and freedom, or only soothe discomfort for now?" Repeated use of this filter changes destiny through ordinary moments.
đ¶đđ°đđŻđ¶đđ đȘđđ°đđŻđ¶đđ đźđšđđ·đđŻđźđđ€đžđđ€đ đžđđȘđ°đđ€đđŻ đ”đżđ”đżđšđđđ€đż đ§đđ°đà„€
đ¶đđ°đđŻđ đčđż đ§đđ°đđœđđż đȘđđ°đđŻđžđ đ”đđŁđđ€đ đȘđđ°đđŻđ đźđđŠđ đŻđđđđđ¶đđźđŸđŠđâđ”đđŁđđ€đ à„„2à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đ¶đđ°đđŻđ đ đȘđđ°đđŻđ đ đźđšđđ·đđŻđ đđ€đčđ - both reach the human being
đžđđȘđ°đđ€đđŻ đ”đżđ”đżđšđđđ€đż đ§đđ°đ - the wise examines and discriminates
đ¶đđ°đđŻđ đ”đđŁđđ€đ - chooses the truly beneficial
đźđđŠđ đŻđđ-đđđ¶đđźđŸđ€đ đȘđđ°đđŻđčđ đ”đđŁđđ€đ - the unsteady chooses pleasant for security/acquisition
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
Both lasting good and temporary pleasure come to every person; the discerning examine and distinguish them. The wise choose lasting good over mere pleasure; the unreflective choose pleasure for gain and preservation.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The key verb is đ”đżđ”đż-đšđđđ€đż - discrimination. Wisdom is not automatic; it is practiced discernment under pressure. Without examination, preyas appears rational because it promises immediate safety.
Advaita's preparatory framework (đšđżđ€đđŻ-đ
đšđżđ€đđŻ-đ”đžđđ€đ-đ”đżđ”đđ) is already present in seed form here. Shankara repeatedly insists that discrimination must precede stable realization; otherwise scriptural learning remains decorative.
Practically, whenever fear of loss drives a decision, pause and separate "security impulse" from "truth alignment." This is how one moves from compulsive maintenance to conscious living.
đž đ€đđ”đ đȘđđ°đżđŻđŸđšđđȘđđ°đżđŻđ°đđȘđŸđđ¶đđ đđŸđźđŸđšđđżđ§đđŻđŸđŻđšđđšđđżđđđ€đđœđ€đđŻđžđđ°đŸđđđ·đđà„€
đšđđ€đŸđ đžđđđđŸđ đ”đżđ€đđ€đźđŻđđźđ”đŸđȘđđ€đ đŻđžđđŻđŸđ đźđđđđđ€đż đŹđčđ”đ đźđšđđ·đđŻđŸđ à„„3à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đȘđđ°đżđŻđŸđšđ đȘđđ°đżđŻđ°đđȘđŸđšđ đđŸđźđŸđšđ - attractive and pleasing desires
đ
đđż-đ§đđŻđŸđŻđšđ đ
đ€đđŻđžđđ°đŸđđđ·đđ - though considered, you rejected
đžđđđđŸđ đ”đżđ€đđ€đźđŻđđźđ - the wealth-made chain
đŻđžđđŻđŸđ đŹđčđ”đ đźđđđđđ€đż - in which many people sink
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
Nachiketa, you examined pleasing desires and still renounced them. You did not accept the wealth-chain in which many humans drown.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
Yama praises not repression but examined renunciation. Nachiketa does not reject blindly; he sees through seduction and chooses with clarity.
Shastric teaching often warns that wealth is not the issue - bondage to wealth is. Shankara's line treats such bondage as đ°đŸđ-đđđ°đđ„đż, a knot that prevents inquiry. The verse therefore honors freedom-from-clinging, not poverty as ideology.
Practically, this verse invites one audit: where has convenience become chain? Naming one such chain and reducing dependence on it is direct Nachiketa-practice.
đŠđđ°đźđđ€đ đ”đżđȘđ°đđ€đ đ”đżđ·đđđ đ
đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸ đŻđŸ đ đ”đżđŠđđŻđđ€đż đđđđŸđ€đŸà„€
đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸđđđȘđđžđżđšđ đšđđżđđđ€đžđ đźđšđđŻđ đš đ€đđ”đŸ đđŸđźđŸ đŹđčđ”đđœđČđđČđđȘđđ€ à„„4à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đŠđđ°đ đđ€đ đ”đżđȘđ°đđ€đ - these two are far apart and opposed
đ
đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸ đŻđŸ đ đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸ - ignorance and knowledge
đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸ-đ
đđđȘđđžđżđšđźđ - one who longs for true knowledge
đš đ€đđ”đŸ đđŸđźđŸđ đČđđČđđȘđđ€ - desires did not shake you
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
Knowledge and ignorance are far apart and opposite. I regard you, Nachiketa, as a true seeker of knowledge, for many desires did not tempt you away.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The verse explicitly names polarity: đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸ and đ
đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸ are not complementary in final aim. One clarifies reality; the other sustains confusion.
This mirrors đźđđđĄđ's parA/aparA distinction and Advaita's insistence that liberating knowledge cannot coexist with unchecked delusion as equal paths. Shankara treats this as orientation-defining, not optional nuance.
Practically, this verse asks for desire-resilience. Build a life where one's highest aim is not repeatedly negotiable under convenience pressure.
đ
đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸđŻđŸđźđđ€đ°đ đ”đ°đđ€đźđŸđšđŸđ đžđđ”đŻđ đ§đđ°đŸđ đȘđđĄđżđ€đźđđźđšđđŻđźđŸđšđŸđà„€
đŠđđŠđđ°đźđđŻđźđŸđŁđŸđ đȘđ°đżđŻđđ€đż đźđđąđŸ đ
đđ§đđšđđ” đšđđŻđźđŸđšđŸ đŻđ„đŸđđ§đŸđ à„„5à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đ
đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸđŻđŸđ đ
đđ€đ°đ đ”đ°đđ€đźđŸđšđŸđ - dwelling in ignorance
đžđđ”đŻđ đ§đđ°đŸđ đȘđđĄđżđ€đ đźđšđđŻđźđŸđšđŸđ - thinking themselves wise and learned
đźđđąđŸđ đȘđ°đżđŻđđ€đż - deluded wander around
đ
đđ§đđš đđ” đšđđŻđźđŸđšđŸđ đŻđ„đŸ đ
đđ§đŸđ - like blind led by blind
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
Living in ignorance yet imagining themselves wise, the deluded keep circling in confusion, like the blind led by the blind.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The Upanishad identifies performative wisdom as a major obstacle. Self-certifying ignorance is harder to cure than acknowledged uncertainty.
Shankara repeatedly places humility at the center of teachability. This is echoed in Gita's đ
đźđŸđšđżđ€đđ”đźđ and đđđ°đ-đđȘđžđ€đđ€đż framework. Without correction culture, intellect becomes an echo chamber.
Practically, include periodic reality-check structures - teacher feedback, textual discipline, and honest peer dialogue. Growth requires correction bandwidth.
đš đžđŸđđȘđ°đŸđŻđ đȘđđ°đ€đżđđŸđ€đż đŹđŸđČđ đȘđđ°đźđŸđŠđđŻđđ€đ đ”đżđ€đđ€đźđđčđđš đźđđąđźđâà„€
đ
đŻđ đČđđđ đšđŸđžđđ€đż đȘđ° đđ€đż đźđŸđšđ đȘđđšđ đȘđđšđ°đđ”đ¶đźđŸđȘđŠđđŻđ€đ đźđ à„„6à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đš đžđŸđđȘđ°đŸđŻđ đȘđđ°đ€đżđđŸđ€đż - the beyond/ultimate does not become clear
đŹđŸđČđ đȘđđ°đźđŸđŠđđŻđđ€đ - to the immature and careless
đ”đżđ€đđ€-đźđđčđđš đźđđąđźđ - deluded by wealth-obsession
đ
đŻđ đČđđđ đš đ
đžđđ€đż đȘđ°đ đđ€đż đźđŸđšđ - thinking only this world exists
đȘđđšđ đȘđđšđ đ”đ¶đ đđȘđŠđđŻđ€đ - falls repeatedly under death's control
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
The ultimate does not become visible to the immature, careless, wealth-deluded person who believes only this visible world exists; such a one repeatedly falls under the sway of death.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
This verse critiques reductionism: when reality is collapsed to material immediacy, depth-inquiry dies. The result is repetitive captivity to fear and compulsion.
Vedantic teaching does not deny the world; it denies that the world-experience is self-sufficient for final meaning. Shankara's line consistently invites ontological depth beyond surface empiricism.
Practically, keep existential inquiry alive even amid productivity. If life has only utility metrics, burnout and fear become default.
đ¶đđ°đ”đŁđŸđŻđŸđȘđż đŹđčđđđżđ°đđŻđ đš đČđđđŻđ đ¶đđŁđđ”đđ€đđœđȘđż đŹđčđ”đ đŻđ đš đ”đżđŠđđŻđđà„€
đđ¶đđđ°đđŻđ đ”đđđ€đŸ đđđ¶đČđđœđžđđŻ đČđŹđđ§đŸđ¶đđđ°đđŻđ đđđđŸđ€đŸ đđđ¶đČđŸđšđđ¶đżđ·đđđ à„„đà„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đ¶đđ°đ”đŁđŸđŻ đ
đȘđż đŹđčđđđżđ đš đČđđđŻđ - not easily available even for hearing by many
đ¶đđŁđđ”đđ€đčđ đ
đȘđż đŹđčđ”đ đš đ”đżđŠđđŻđđ - many hear yet do not understand
đđ¶đđđ°đđŻđ đ”đđđ€đŸ - rare is the true teacher
đđ¶đđđ°đđŻđ đđđđŸđ€đŸ - rare is the true knower
đđđ¶đČ-đ
đšđđ¶đżđ·đđđ - rightly instructed by the competent
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
This truth is not easily obtained even for hearing; many hear yet do not understand. Rare is the competent teacher, and rare the true knower properly instructed.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The verse dignifies the difficulty of đŹđđ°đčđđź-đ”đżđŠđđŻđŸ without discouraging the seeker. Rarity means subtlety, not exclusion by privilege.
Shankara underscores qualified teacher and qualified student as twin necessities. This aligns with đźđđđĄđ's đ¶đđ°đđ€đđ°đżđŻ-đŹđđ°đčđđź-đšđżđ·đđ đŸ đđđ°đ criterion. Without right pedagogy, hearing remains conceptual.
Practically, invest in learning ecosystem quality over quantity: fewer sources, deeper transmission, sustained practice.
đš đšđ°đđŁđŸđ”đ°đđŁ đȘđđ°đđđđ€ đđ· đžđđ”đżđđđđđŻđ đŹđčđđ§đŸ đđżđđ€đđŻđźđŸđšđà„€
đ
đšđšđđŻđȘđđ°đđđđ€đ đđ€đżđ°đ€đđ° đšđŸđžđđ€đđŻđŁđđŻđŸđšđ đčđđŻđ€đ°đđđđŻđźđŁđđȘđđ°đźđŸđŁđŸđ€đâ à„„đźà„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đš đšđ°đđŁ đ
đ”đ°đđŁ đȘđđ°đđđđ€đ - when taught by an unqualified person
đš đžđ-đ”đżđđđđđŻđ - not well understood
đ
đšđšđđŻ-đȘđđ°đđđđ€đ - when taught by one established in truth
đđ€đżđ đ
đ€đđ° đšđŸđžđđ€đż - otherwise no progress here
đ
đŁđđŻđŸđšđ ... đ
đ€đ°đđđđŻđźđ - subtler than subtle, beyond mere logic measures
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
When taught by an unqualified teacher, this is not well understood, however much one speculates. Taught by one established in truth, it becomes knowable; being subtler than subtle, it is not grasped by argument alone.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The mantra rejects two errors: teacher-indifference and logic-absolutism. Reason is necessary, but not sufficient for non-objectifiable Self-knowledge.
Advaita's đ¶đđ°đ”đŁ-đźđšđš-đšđżđŠđżđ§đđŻđŸđžđš sequence places reason within revelation-guided inquiry, not against it. Shankara's emphasis on competent instruction is explicit throughout his bhAShyas.
Practically, choose guidance where textual rigor, lived depth, and pedagogical clarity coincide. Brilliant debate without realization does not liberate.
đšđđ·đŸ đ€đ°đđđđŁ đźđ€đżđ°đŸđȘđšđđŻđŸ đȘđđ°đđđđ€đŸđšđđŻđđšđđ” đžđđđđđŸđšđŸđŻ đȘđđ°đđ·đđ à„€
đŻđŸđ đ€đđ”đźđŸđȘđ đžđ€đđŻđ§đđ€đżđ°đđŹđ€đŸđžđż đ€đđ”đŸđŠđđ đšđ đđđŻđŸđšđđšđđżđđđ€đ đȘđđ°đ·đđđŸ à„„đŻà„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đš đđ·đŸ đźđ€đżđ đ€đ°đđđđŁ đđȘđšđđŻđŸ - this understanding is not reached by logic alone
đ
đšđđŻ-đȘđđ°đđđđ€đŸ đđ” đžđđđđđŸđšđŸđŻ - taught by a realized other, it becomes clear
đžđ€đđŻđ§đđ€đżđ - steadfast in truth
đ€đđ”đŸđŠđđđ đȘđđ°đ·đđđŸ - a questioner like you
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
This understanding is not attained by logic alone; taught by one who knows, it becomes clear. You, Nachiketa, are indeed steadfast in truth - may we always have such a questioner.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
Yama praises Nachiketa's interior qualification: truth-steadiness. Teaching works fully only where sincerity is strong and ego-defensiveness low.
Shankara's tradition consistently emphasizes that the right student is not merely intelligent but đžđ€đđŻđ§đđ€đż - committed to reality over self-image. This is why pedagogy succeeds in some and fails in others with identical content.
Practically, become teachable by valuing correction over self-justification. That alone converts information into transformation.
đđŸđšđŸđźđđŻđčđ đ¶đđ”đ§đżđ°đżđ€đđŻđšđżđ€đđŻđ đš đčđđŻđ§đđ°đđ”đđ đȘđđ°đŸđȘđđŻđ€đ đčđż đ§đđ°đđ”đ đ€đ€đâà„€
đ€đ€đ đźđŻđŸ đšđŸđđżđđđ€đ¶đđđżđ€đđœđđđšđżđ°đšđżđ€đđŻđđ°đđŠđđ°đ”đđŻđđ đȘđđ°đŸđȘđđ€đ”đŸđšđžđđźđż đšđżđ€đđŻđźđâ à„„10à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đ¶đđ”đ§đżđ đ
đšđżđ€đđŻđźđ - treasure/wealth is impermanent
đ
đ§đđ°đđ”đđ đš đȘđđ°đŸđȘđđŻđ€đ đ§đđ°đđ”đ - the permanent is not attained by impermanent means
đšđŸđđżđđđ€-đ
đđđšđżđ đđżđ€đčđ - Nachiketa fire was established
đ
đšđżđ€đđŻđđ đŠđđ°đ”đđŻđđ - with impermanent materials
đšđżđ€đđŻđ đȘđđ°đŸđȘđđ€đ”đŸđšđ đ
đžđđźđż - thereby I reached the relatively enduring (not absolute)
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
I know well that treasure is impermanent; the permanent cannot be attained through impermanent means. Therefore I established the Nachiketa fire with impermanent materials and gained its promised result - but not the Absolute by that alone.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
This verse contains one of Vedanta's clearest causal principles: finite means cannot generate the infinite. It is a turning-point from ritual competence to ontological clarity.
Advaita frequently echoes this as đšđŸđžđđ€đđŻđđđ€đ đđđ€đđš (đźđđđĄđ 1.2.12). Shankara upholds đđ°đđź's preparatory value while denying it final liberating sufficiency.
Practically, do not discard disciplines; correctly place them. Let đđ°đđź purify and stabilize, then pursue direct knowledge for final freedom.
đđŸđźđžđđŻđŸđȘđđ€đżđ đđđ€đ đȘđđ°đ€đżđ·đđ đŸđ đđđ°đ€đđ°đŸđšđđ€đđŻđźđđŻđžđđŻ đȘđŸđ°đźđâà„€
đžđđ€đđźđ đ
đčđŠđđ°đđđŸđŻđ đȘđđ°đ€đżđ·đđ đŸđ đŠđđ·đđđđ”đŸ đ§đđ€đđŻđŸ đ§đđ°đ đšđđżđđđ€đđœđ€đđŻđžđđ°đŸđđđ·đđ à„„11à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đđŸđźđžđđŻ đđȘđđ€đżđźđ - fulfillment of desires
đđđ€đ đȘđđ°đ€đżđ·đđ đŸđ - worldly status/support
đđđ°đ€đđ đđšđđ€đđŻđźđ - vast ritual merit
đ
đđŻđžđđŻ đȘđŸđ°đźđ - seeming far shore of fearlessness
đ§đđ€đđŻđŸ đ
đ€đđŻđžđđ°đŸđđđ·đđ - with firmness you let go
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
You saw through desire-fulfillment, worldly standing, vast ritual attainments, and even exalted promises of security - and with firm resolve, Nachiketa, you renounced them all.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
Yama highlights total maturity: Nachiketa did not reject only crude pleasures; he also renounced subtle spiritual ego rewards. This is rare discernment.
Advaita stresses that even sattvic attainments can bind if appropriated by ego. Gita and Upanishadic traditions repeatedly warn against stopping at intermediate excellences.
Practically, examine subtle attachments to being "advanced," "pure," or "recognized." Liberation requires freedom even from spiritual self-image.
đ€đ đŠđđ°đđŠđ°đđ¶đ đđđąđźđšđđȘđđ°đ”đżđ·đđđ đđđčđŸđčđżđ€đ đđčđđ”đ°đđ·đđ đ đȘđđ°đŸđŁđźđâà„€
đ
đ§đđŻđŸđ€đđźđŻđđđŸđ§đżđđźđđš đŠđđ”đ đźđ€đđ”đŸ đ§đđ°đ đčđ°đđ·đ¶đđđ đđčđŸđ€đż à„„12à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đŠđđ°đđŠđ°đđ¶đ - difficult to perceive
đđđąđ đ
đšđđȘđđ°đ”đżđ·đđđźđ - deeply hidden, entered within
đđđčđŸđčđżđ€đ - lodged in the cave (heart)
đȘđđ°đŸđŁđ đŠđđ”đ - ancient luminous principle
đ
đ§đđŻđŸđ€đđź-đŻđđ-đ
đ§đżđđźđđš - reached by inward contemplative discipline
đčđ°đđ·-đ¶đđđ đđčđŸđ€đż - gives up elation and grief duality
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
That ancient luminous Self, hidden deep in the heart-cave and hard to perceive, is realized through inward contemplative discipline; realizing it, the wise transcend both elation and grief.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The verse defines realization as duality-transcending steadiness, not emotional numbness. Harsha and shoka lose their tyrannical hold when identity shifts to the witnessing Self.
Shankara reads đ
đ§đđŻđŸđ€đđź-đŻđđ as sustained inward contemplation grounded in scriptural discernment. Similar outcomes appear in Gita's equanimity teachings where reactive polarity declines.
Practically, when emotional extremes arise, practice "cave return": acknowledge feeling fully, then re-anchor in awareness. Over time response replaces reactivity.
đđ€đđđđđ°đđ€đđ”đŸ đžđđȘđ°đżđđđčđđŻ đźđ°đđ€đđŻđ đȘđđ°đ”đđčđđŻ đ§đ°đđźđđŻđźđŁđđźđđ€đźđŸđȘđđŻà„€
đž đźđđŠđ€đ đźđđŠđšđđŻđ đčđż đČđŹđđ§đđ”đŸ đ”đżđ”đđ€đ đžđŠđđź đšđđżđđđ€đžđ đźđšđđŻđ à„„13à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đđ€đ€đ đ¶đđ°đđ€đđ”đŸ đžđđȘđ°đżđđđčđđŻ - hearing and fully assimilating this
đźđ°đđ€đđŻđ đȘđđ°đ”đđčđđŻ - the mortal drawing out (the subtle Self)
đ§đ°đđźđđŻđ đ
đŁđđ đđ€đ đđȘđđŻ - attaining this righteous subtle reality
đźđđŠđ€đ - rejoices deeply
đ”đżđ”đđ€đ đžđŠđđź - opened abode/inner domain
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
A mortal, hearing and assimilating this teaching, drawing out and realizing this subtle righteous Self, rejoices on attaining the truly joyful state; the inner abode opens.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
This verse emphasizes assimilation over exposure. Mere hearing is insufficient; one must "take in fully" and inwardly realize.
Advaita's threefold process is implied: đ¶đđ°đ”đŁ, đźđšđš, đšđżđŠđżđ§đđŻđŸđžđš. Shankara's pedagogy repeatedly insists on this maturation arc before stable realization-fruit appears.
Practically, after each study sitting, convert one insight into one behavioral commitment. Assimilation is practiced translation of insight into life.
đ
đšđđŻđ€đđ° đ§đ°đđźđŸđŠđšđđŻđ€đđ°đŸđ§đ°đđźđŸđŠđšđđŻđ€đđ°đŸđžđđźđŸđ€đđđđ€đŸđđđ€đŸđ€đâà„€
đ
đšđđŻđ€đđ° đđđ€đŸđđđ đđ”đđŻđŸđđđ đŻđ€đđ€đ€đđȘđ¶đđŻđžđż đ€đŠđđ”đŠ à„„14à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đ
đšđđŻđ€đđ° đ§đ°đđźđŸđ€đ đ
đšđđŻđ€đđ° đ
đ§đ°đđźđŸđ€đ - beyond merit and demerit
đ
đšđđŻđ€đđ° đ
đžđđźđŸđ€đ đđđ€-đ
đđđ€đŸđ€đ - beyond done and not-done / cause-effect constructs
đ
đšđđŻđ€đđ° đđđ€đŸđ€đ đ đđ”đđŻđŸđ€đ đ - beyond past and future
đŻđ€đ đ€đ€đ đȘđ¶đđŻđžđż đ€đ€đ đ”đŠ - that which you see, teach me that
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
Teach me that reality which is beyond merit and demerit, beyond done and not-done, beyond past and future.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
Nachiketa's question reaches metaphysical precision: he seeks not better karmic outcomes but the absolute beyond transactional duality and time.
This is a classic Advaitic turning-point question. Shankara's reading honors it as direct inquiry into Brahman free from empirical qualifiers. It parallels many Upanishadic moves from field-categories to substratum-truth.
Practically, this verse invites deep inquiry beyond moral bookkeeping: do đ§đ°đđź fully, but seek the reality in whose presence all dual categories arise.
đžđ°đđ”đ đ”đđŠđŸ đŻđ€đđȘđŠđźđŸđźđšđđ€đż đ€đȘđŸđđžđż đžđ°đđ”đŸđŁđż đ đŻđŠđđ”đŠđđ€đżà„€
đŻđŠđżđđđđđ€đ đŹđđ°đčđđźđđ°đđŻđ đđ°đđ€đż đ€đ€đđ€đ đȘđŠđ đžđđđđ°đčđđŁ đŹđđ°đ”đđźđđŻđđźđżđ€đđŻđđ€đ€đâ à„„15à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đžđ°đđ”đ đ”đđŠđŸđ đŻđ€đ đȘđŠđ đđźđšđđ€đż - that goal all Vedas declare
đ€đȘđŸđđžđż đžđ°đđ”đŸđŁđż đŻđ€đ đ”đŠđđ€đż - all austerities point toward it
đŻđŠđ đđđđđđ€đ đŹđđ°đčđđźđđ°đđŻđ đđ°đđ€đż - seeking which, people practice disciplined sacred living
đ€đ€đ đȘđŠđ đžđđđđ°đčđđŁ đŹđđ°đ”đđźđż - I tell that briefly
đđ đđ€đż đđ€đ€đ - it is đđ
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
That goal proclaimed by all the Vedas, spoken of by all austerities, and sought through disciplined sacred study - I declare to you briefly: it is the sacred syllable Om.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
Yama now condenses the entire Vedic quest into đđ, not as syllabic minimalism but as total-symbol of Brahman. The verse unifies scriptural study, austerity, and discipline into one contemplative seed.
đźđŸđđĄđđđđŻ and other Upanishadic traditions elaborate this further, and Shankara treats đđ-đđȘđŸđžđšđŸ as profound doorway when rightly taught. đđ here is not charm-sound; it is contemplative pointer to total reality.
Practically, use đđ with understanding: brief daily recitation followed by silence and inquiry into the awareness in which đđ is heard and subsides.
đđ€đŠđâđ§đđŻđđ”đŸđđđ·đ°đ đŹđđ°đčđđź đđ€đŠđâđ§đđŻđđ”đŸđđđ·đ°đ đȘđ°đźđâà„€
đđ€đŠđâđ§đđŻđđ”đŸđđđ·đ°đ đđđđŸđ€đđ”đŸ đŻđ đŻđŠđżđđđđ€đż đ€đžđđŻ đ€đ€đâ à„„16à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đđ€đ€đ đčđż đđ” đ
đđđ·đ°đ đŹđđ°đčđđź - this very syllable is Brahman-symbol
đđ€đ€đ đčđż đđ” đ
đđđ·đ°đ đȘđ°đźđ - this very syllable is supreme support
đđ€đ€đ đđđđŸđ€đđ”đŸ - knowing this rightly
đŻđ đŻđ€đ đđđđđ€đż đ€đžđđŻ đ€đ€đ - one attains according to the level of one's aspiration
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
This very imperishable syllable, Om, is the symbol of Brahman and the supreme support. Knowing and meditating upon it rightly, one attains in accordance with one's aspiration.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The verse links aspiration-quality to realization-quality. đđ-đđȘđŸđžđšđŸ is not mechanically uniform; intent, understanding, and depth shape fruit.
Shankara and later Advaitic exegesis distinguish lower and higher contemplative outcomes depending on whether đđ is meditated upon as symbolic support or as direct non-dual pointer. Thus method and vision both matter.
Practically, clarify what you seek before practice - calm, clarity, devotion, or liberation. Practice aligns accordingly; vague aspiration yields diffuse outcomes.
đđ€đŠđŸđČđđŹđšđ đ¶đđ°đđ·đđ đźđđ€đŠđŸđČđđŹđšđ đȘđ°đźđâà„€
đđ€đŠđŸđČđđŹđšđ đđđđŸđ€đđ”đŸ đŹđđ°đčđđźđČđđđ đźđčđđŻđ€đ à„„1đà„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đđ€đ€đ đđČđđŹđšđ đ¶đđ°đđ·đđ đźđ - this is the best support
đđ€đ€đ đđČđđŹđšđ đȘđ°đźđ - this is the supreme support
đđ€đ€đ đđČđđŹđšđ đđđđŸđ€đđ”đŸ - knowing this support
đŹđđ°đčđđź-đČđđđ đźđčđđŻđ€đ - one is exalted in Brahma-loka / exalted in Brahman-oriented attainment
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
This is the highest and supreme support. Knowing and taking refuge in this support, one is greatly exalted in Brahman-oriented attainment.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The term đđČđđŹđš (support) is central: đđ is contemplative stabilizer for minds not yet effortlessly abiding in the non-conceptual absolute.
Vedantic tradition values such supports while preserving their role as means, not end. Shankara consistently guides seekers from support-based contemplation to support-transcending realization.
Practically, choose one stable contemplative support and remain consistent. Frequent switching weakens depth; steady support matures mind toward subtle recognition.
đš đđŸđŻđ€đ đźđđ°đżđŻđ€đ đ”đŸ đ”đżđȘđ¶đđđżđšđđšđŸđŻđ đđđ€đ¶đđđżđšđđš đŹđđđ” đđ¶đđđżđ€đâà„€
đ
đđ đšđżđ€đđŻđ đ¶đŸđ¶đđ”đ€đđœđŻđ đȘđđ°đŸđŁđ đš đčđšđđŻđ€đ đčđšđđŻđźđŸđšđ đ¶đ°đđ°đ à„„1đźà„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đš đđŸđŻđ€đ đźđđ°đżđŻđ€đ đ”đŸ - neither born nor dies
đ
đđ đšđżđ€đđŻđ đ¶đŸđ¶đđ”đ€đ đȘđđ°đŸđŁđ - unborn, eternal, abiding, ancient
đš đčđšđđŻđ€đ đčđšđđŻđźđŸđšđ đ¶đ°đđ°đ - not slain when body is slain
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
The knowing Self is never born and never dies. Unborn, eternal, abiding, ancient, it is not destroyed when the body is destroyed.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
This is one of the clearest immortality declarations in the Upanishads, later echoed nearly verbatim in Gita 2.20. It dismantles body-equals-self error at the root.
Shankara's interpretation is direct: birth/death belong to body-mind complex, not to đđ€đđźđšđ. Recognizing this is not abstraction; it is fear-resolution through identity-correction.
Practically, contemplate this verse during loss and mortality anxiety. Grief may remain humanly, but existential annihilation panic can soften through right understanding.
đčđđ€đŸ đđđšđđźđšđđŻđ€đ đčđđ€đđ đčđ€đ¶đđđđšđđźđšđđŻđ€đ đčđ€đźđâà„€
đđđ đ€đ đš đ”đżđđŸđšđđ€đ đšđŸđŻđ đčđđ€đż đš đčđšđđŻđ€đ à„„1đŻà„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đčđđ€đŸ đźđšđđŻđ€đ đčđđ€đđ - if one thinks "I kill"
đčđ€đ đźđšđđŻđ€đ đčđ€đźđ - if one thinks "I am killed"
đđđ đš đ”đżđđŸđšđđ€đ - both do not know rightly
đš đ
đŻđ đčđđ€đż đš đčđšđđŻđ€đ - this Self neither kills nor is killed
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
If one thinks "I kill" and another thinks "I am killed," both fail to know truly; the Self neither kills nor is killed.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The verse continues ontological clarity while leaving transactional ethics intact. It denies absolute doership/slayership at Self-level, not moral responsibility at embodied level.
Gita 2.19 parallels this exactly, and Shankara carefully distinguishes paramArthika truth from vyavahArika accountability. Misusing this verse to justify harm is serious adharmic misreading.
Practically, hold two levels correctly: act ethically and responsibly in the world, while inwardly loosening absolute ego-doership claims.
đ
đŁđđ°đŁđđŻđŸđšđđźđčđ€đ đźđčđđŻđŸđšđŸđ€đđźđŸđžđđŻ đđđ€đđ°đđšđżđčđżđ€đ đđđčđŸđŻđŸđźđâà„€
đ€đźđđđ°đ€đđ đȘđ¶đđŻđ€đż đ”đđ€đ¶đđđ đ§đŸđ€đđȘđđ°đžđŸđŠđŸđšđđźđčđżđźđŸđšđźđŸđ€đđźđšđ à„„20à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đ
đŁđđ đ
đŁđđŻđŸđšđ đźđčđ€đ đźđčđđŻđŸđšđ - subtler than subtle, greater than great
đđ€đđźđŸ ... đđđčđŸđŻđŸđ đšđżđčđżđ€đ - Self lodged in the heart-cave
đ
đđđ°đ€đđ đȘđ¶đđŻđ€đż - one free from craving-driven ritualism sees
đ”đđ€-đ¶đđđ - becomes free of sorrow
đ§đŸđ€đ-đȘđđ°đžđŸđŠđŸđ€đ - through purification/clarity of inner constituents
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
The Self, subtler than the subtle and greater than the great, is hidden in the heart-cave. One free from compulsive craving, through inner purification, realizes its glory and becomes free from sorrow.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The paired paradox (smaller than small, greater than great) negates all spatial confinement. The Self is not measurable category; it is foundational reality.
Shankara interprets đ§đŸđ€đ-đȘđđ°đžđŸđŠ as inward refinement that enables clear ascertainment. Thus ethics, mind-purity, and contemplation remain indispensable. This is not anti-ritual; it is anti-craving.
Practically, reduce craving-load and increase clarity-load: simplify compulsions, purify intention, and establish contemplative regularity.
đđžđđšđ đŠđđ°đ đ”đđ°đđ€đż đ¶đŻđŸđšđ đŻđŸđ€đż đžđ°đđ”đ€đà„€
đđžđđ€đ đźđŠđŸđźđŠđ đŠđđ”đ đźđŠđšđđŻđ đđđđŸđ€đđźđ°đđčđ€đż à„„21à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đđžđđšđ đŠđđ°đ đ”đđ°đđ€đż - seated, it goes far
đ¶đŻđŸđšđ đŻđŸđ€đż đžđ°đđ”đ€đ - lying, it goes everywhere
đźđŠđŸđźđŠđ đŠđđ”đ - the wonder beyond exhilaration and dejection
đđ đ
đšđđŻđčđ đđđđŸđ€đđ đ
đ°đđčđ€đż - who else can truly know that?
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
Though seated, It goes far; though still, It reaches everywhere. Who else can truly know this wondrous luminous reality beyond excitement and dullness?
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The verse uses paradox to indicate non-local awareness. Movement/non-movement categories apply to objects, not to consciousness-presence.
Advaita often uses such formulations to dissolve conceptual fixation. The Self is not a moving entity but the basis in whose presence all movement is known. Kena and Isa contain similar paradoxical pointers.
Practically, this verse helps during travel/rest polarity of modern life: whether active or still, awareness is constant. Recognize that constancy to reduce restlessness.
đ
đ¶đ°đđ°đ đ¶đ°đđ°đđ·đđ”đšđ”đžđđ„đđ·đđ”đ”đžđđ„đżđ€đźđâà„€
đźđčđŸđđ€đ đ”đżđđđźđŸđ€đđźđŸđšđ đźđ€đđ”đŸ đ§đđ°đ đš đ¶đđđ€đż à„„22à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đ
đ¶đ°đđ°đ đ¶đ°đđ°đđ·đ - bodiless in bodies
đ
đšđ”đžđđ„đđ·đ đ
đ”đžđđ„đżđ€đźđ - stable amidst unstable conditions
đźđčđŸđđ€đ đ”đżđđđ đđ€đđźđŸđšđźđ - great all-pervading Self
đ§đđ°đ đš đ¶đđđ€đż - the wise does not grieve
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
Knowing the great all-pervading Self as bodiless amidst bodies and stable amidst instability, the wise no longer grieves.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
This mantra is direct medicine for instability anxiety. Bodies and conditions fluctuate; the Self does not become unstable with them.
Shankara's Advaita emphasizes đ
đžđđ (unattached unaffectedness) here, similar to earlier sun-analogy teachings. Grief reduces when identity shifts from unstable envelope to stable essence.
Practically, when life conditions destabilize, consciously anchor in what remains unchanged - awareness, value, and dharmic intention. Stability can be practiced even amid change.
đšđŸđŻđźđŸđ€đđźđŸ đȘđđ°đ”đđšđđš đČđđđŻđ đš đźđđ§đŻđŸ đš đŹđčđđšđŸ đ¶đđ°đđ€đđšà„€
đŻđźđđ”đđ· đ”đđŁđđ€đ đ€đđš đČđđđŻđžđđ€đžđđŻđđ· đđ€đđźđŸ đ”đżđ”đđŁđđ€đ đ€đšđđ đžđđ”đŸđźđâ à„„23à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đš đ
đŻđ đđ€đđźđŸ đȘđđ°đ”đđšđđš đČđđđŻđ - not attained by eloquent discourse alone
đš đźđđ§đŻđŸ - not by intellect alone
đš đŹđčđđšđŸ đ¶đđ°đđ€đđš - not by much hearing alone
đŻđ đđ” đđ· đ”đđŁđđ€đ - to whom this Self "chooses" (one deeply aligned)
đ€đžđđŻ đđ€đđźđŸ đ”đżđ”đđŁđđ€đ đ€đšđđ đžđđ”đŸđźđ - to that one It reveals Its own nature
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
This Self is not attained by discourse alone, nor by mere intellect, nor by much hearing alone. It is attained by the one wholly aligned to it; to such a seeker the Self reveals Its own nature.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The verse rejects performative spirituality: speaking, cleverness, and information volume are insufficient without existential alignment. "Chosen by Self" indicates maturity of preparedness, not divine favoritism.
Shankara interprets this through qualification and assimilation: when ego-obstruction thins through discipline and insight, reality is self-revealed. This aligns with đźđđđĄđ's đđđ°đ-approach and all major Vedantic preparatory teachings.
Practically, convert knowledge habits into transformation habits. Ask not only "what did I learn?" but "what did I become less attached to today?"
đšđŸđ”đżđ°đ€đ đŠđđ¶đđđ°đżđ€đŸđšđđšđŸđ¶đŸđđ€đ đšđŸđžđźđŸđčđżđ€đà„€
đšđŸđ¶đŸđđ€đźđŸđšđžđ đ”đŸđȘđż đȘđđ°đđđđŸđšđđšđđšđźđŸđȘđđšđđŻđŸđ€đâ à„„24à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đš đ
đ”đżđ°đ€đ đŠđđ¶đđđ°đżđ€đŸđ€đ - not one who has not ceased wrong conduct
đš đ
đ¶đŸđđ€đ - not one without tranquility
đš đ
đžđźđŸđčđżđ€đ - not one without collectedness
đš đ
đ¶đŸđđ€-đźđŸđšđžđ - not one with restless mind
đȘđđ°đđđđŸđšđđš đđšđ đđȘđđšđđŻđŸđ€đ - can attain this Self by knowledge
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
One who has not turned away from misconduct, who lacks tranquility and concentration, and whose mind is unquiet - such a person cannot attain this Self through knowledge.
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
This is a clear qualification verse. Ethical restraint, tranquility, and concentration are not optional moral extras; they are epistemic necessities for Self-knowledge.
Shankara's framework of đ¶đź-đŠđź-đđȘđ°đ€đż and allied disciplines is fully consonant with this mantra. Without preparatory refinement, non-dual teaching remains intellectually appreciated but existentially ineffective.
Practically, treat conduct purification as knowledge practice. Integrity is not prelude separate from realization; it is part of realization's possibility.
đŻđžđđŻ đŹđđ°đčđđź đ đđđ·đ€đđ°đ đ đđđ đđ”đ€ đđŠđšđà„€
đźđđ€đđŻđđ°đđŻđžđđŻđđȘđžđđđšđ đ đđ€đđ„đŸ đ”đđŠ đŻđ€đđ° đžđ à„„25à„„
Meaning (đȘđŠđŸđ°đđ„):
đŻđžđđŻ đŹđđ°đčđđź đ đđđ·đ€đđ°đ đ đđđ đđŠđšđ - for whom brahmaáča and kShatra alike are as food
đźđđ€đđŻđđ đŻđžđđŻ đđȘđžđđđšđźđ - for whom death itself is like a condiment
đđ đđ€đđ„đŸ đ”đđŠ đŻđ€đđ° đžđ - who can fully comprehend where/what That is?
Translation (đđŸđ”đŸđ°đđ„):
For that supreme reality, both priestly and royal powers are as food, and death itself as mere accompaniment. Who can fully grasp That in ordinary terms?
Commentary (đ
đšđđžđđ§đŸđš):
The closing verse establishes total transcendence of all worldly hierarchies and even death. What humans fear, wield, or worship is relativized before the absolute.
Advaita reads this as final de-centering of ego and institution: no social status, power, or mortality structure defines Brahman. The verse ends in reverential epistemic humility, not conceptual closure.
Practically, this mantra dissolves spiritual pride. In the face of the absolute, status-identity and fear narratives shrink; what remains is humility, sincerity, and committed inquiry.
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đ”đđŠ đźđđ€đđ°đŸđ (109)
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- đđŸđŻđ€đđ°đ đźđđ€đđ°đ đđšđȘđŸđ đ
- đ¶đđ°đ đ°đđŠđđ°đ đČđđđšđđŻđŸđžđźđ
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- đ¶đđ°đ đ°đđŠđđ°đ - đđźđđȘđđ°đ¶đđšđ
- đȘđđ°đđ· đžđđđđ€đźđ
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- đźđđđĄđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đȘđđ°đ„đź đźđđđĄđ, đȘđđ°đ„đź đđŸđđĄđ
- đźđđđĄđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đȘđđ°đ„đź đźđđđĄđ, đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻ đđŸđđĄđ
- đźđđđĄđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻ đźđđđĄđ, đȘđđ°đ„đź đđŸđđĄđ
- đźđđđĄđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻ đźđđđĄđ, đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻ đđŸđđĄđ
- đźđđđĄđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đ€đđ€đđŻ đźđđđĄđ, đȘđđ°đ„đź đđŸđđĄđ
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- đšđŸđ°đŸđŻđŁ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ
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đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ (34)
- đđ¶đŸđ”đŸđžđđŻđđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ (đđ¶đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ)
- đ¶đżđ”đžđđđČđđȘđđȘđšđżđ·đ€đ (đ¶đżđ” đžđđđČđđȘđźđžđđ€đ)
- đ€đđ€đđ€đżđ°đđŻ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đ¶đđđđ·đŸđ”đČđđČđ
- đ€đđ€đđ€đżđ°đđŻ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đđšđđŠđ”đČđđČđ
- đ€đđ€đđ€đżđ°đđŻ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đđđđđ”đČđđČđ
- đźđčđŸđšđŸđ°đŸđŻđŁ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ
- đđđš đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đȘđđ°đ„đźđ đđđĄđ
- đđđš đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻđ đđđĄđ
- đđđš đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đ€đđ€đđŻđ đđđĄđ
- đđđš đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đđ€đđ°đđ„đ đđđĄđ
- đźđđđĄđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đȘđđ°đ„đź đźđđđĄđ, đȘđđ°đ„đź đđŸđđĄđ
- đźđđđĄđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đȘđđ°đ„đź đźđđđĄđ, đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻ đđŸđđĄđ
- đźđđđĄđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻ đźđđđĄđ, đȘđđ°đ„đź đđŸđđĄđ
- đźđđđĄđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻ đźđđđĄđ, đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻ đđŸđđĄđ
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- đšđŸđ°đŸđŻđŁ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ
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- đđ đđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đ
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- đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đȘđđ°đ„đźđ đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđ
- đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đŠđđ”đżđ€đđŻđ đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđ
- đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đ€đđ°đżđ€đđŻđ đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđ
- đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đđ€đđ°đđ„đ đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđ
- đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đȘđđ đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđ
- đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđđȘđšđżđ·đŠđ - đ·đ·đđ đ đȘđđ°đ¶đđšđ
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