ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਅਰ੍ਜੁਨ ਉਵਾਚ
ਕਿਂ ਤਦ੍ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ ਕਿਮਧ੍ਯਾਤ੍ਮਂ ਕਿਂ ਕਰ੍ਮ ਪੁਰੁਸ਼ੋਤ੍ਤਮ ।
ਅਧਿਭੂਤਂ ਚ ਕਿਂ ਪ੍ਰੋਕ੍ਤਮਧਿਦੈਵਂ ਕਿਮੁਚ੍ਯਤੇ ॥ 1 ॥
Meaning
ਅਰ੍ਜੁਨਃ ਉਵਾਚ — Arjuna said; ਕਿਮ੍ — what; ਤਤ੍ — that; ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ — Brahman; ਕਿਮ੍ — what; ਅਧ੍ਯਾਤ੍ਮਮ੍ — the self; ਕਿਮ੍ — what; ਕਰ੍ਮ — fruitive activities; ਪੁਰੁਸ਼-ਉਤ੍ਤਮ — O Supreme Person; ਅਧਿਭੂਤਮ੍ — the material manifestation; ਚ — and; ਕਿਮ੍ — what; ਪ੍ਰੋਕ੍ਤਮ੍ — is called; ਅਧਿਦੈਵਮ੍ — the demigods; ਕਿਮ੍ — what; ਉਚ੍ਯਤੇ — is called.
Translation
Arjuna inquired: O my Lord, O Supreme Person, what is Brahman? What is the self? What are fruitive activities? What is this material manifestation? And what are the demigods? Please explain this to me.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਅਧਿਯਜ੍ਞਃ ਕਥਂ ਕੋਤ੍ਰ ਦੇਹੇਸ੍ਮਿਨ੍ਮਧੁਸੂਦਨ ।
ਪ੍ਰਯਾਣਕਾਲੇ ਚ ਕਥਂ ਜ੍ਞੇਯੋਸਿ ਨਿਯਤਾਤ੍ਮਭਿਃ ॥ 2 ॥
Meaning
ਅਧਿਯਜ੍ਞਃ — the Lord of sacrifice; ਕਥਮ੍ — how; ਕਃ — who; ਅਤ੍ਰ — here; ਦੇਹੇ — in the body; ਅਸ੍ਮਿਨ੍ — this; ਮਧੁਸੂਦਨ — O Madhusūdana; ਪ੍ਰਯਾਣ-ਕਾਲੇ — at the time of death; ਚ — and; ਕਥਮ੍ — how; ਜ੍ਞੇਯਃ ਅਸਿ — You can be known; ਨਿਯਤ-ਆਤ੍ਮਭਿਃ — by the self-controlled.
Translation
Who is the Lord of sacrifice, and how does He live in the body, O Madhusūdana? And how can those engaged in devotional service know You at the time of death?
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਸ਼੍ਰੀਭਗਵਾਨੁਵਾਚ
ਅਕ੍ਸ਼ਰਂ ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ ਪਰਮਂ ਸ੍ਵਭਾਵੋਧ੍ਯਾਤ੍ਮਮੁਚ੍ਯਤੇ ।
ਭੂਤਭਾਵੋਦ੍ਭਵਕਰੋ ਵਿਸਰ੍ਗਃ ਕਰ੍ਮਸਂਜ੍ਞਿਤਃ ॥ 3 ॥
Meaning
ਸ਼੍ਰੀ-ਭਗਵਾਨ੍ ਉਵਾਚ — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; ਅਕ੍ਸ਼ਰਮ੍ — indestructible; ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ — Brahman; ਪਰਮਮ੍ — transcendental; ਸ੍ਵਭਾਵਃ — eternal nature; ਅਧ੍ਯਾਤ੍ਮਮ੍ — the self; ਉਚ੍ਯਤੇ — is called; ਭੂਤ-ਭਾਵ-ਉਦ੍ਭਵ-ਕਰਃ — producing the material bodies of the living entities; ਵਿਸਰ੍ਗਃ — creation; ਕਰ੍ਮ — fruitive activities; ਸਂਜ੍ਞਿਤਃ — is called.
Translation
The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: The indestructible, transcendental living entity is called Brahman, and his eternal nature is called adhyātma, the self. Action pertaining to the development of the material bodies of the living entities is called karma, or fruitive activities.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਅਧਿਭੂਤਂ ਕ੍ਸ਼ਰੋ ਭਾਵਃ ਪੁਰੁਸ਼ਸ਼੍ਚਾਧਿਦੈਵਤਮ੍ ।
ਅਧਿਯਜ੍ਞੋਹਮੇਵਾਤ੍ਰ ਦੇਹੇ ਦੇਹਭ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤਾਂ ਵਰ ॥ 4 ॥
Meaning
ਅਧਿਭੂਤਮ੍ — the physical manifestation; ਕ੍ਸ਼ਰਃ — constantly changing; ਭਾਵਃ — nature; ਪੁਰੁਸ਼ਃ — the universal form, including all the demigods, like the sun and moon; ਚ — and; ਅਧਿਦੈਵਤਮ੍ — called adhidaiva; ਅਧਿਯਜ੍ਞਃ — the Supersoul; ਅਹਮ੍ — I (Kriṣṇa); ਏਵ — certainly; ਅਤ੍ਰ — in this; ਦੇਹੇ — body; ਦੇਹ-ਭ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤਾਮ੍ — of the embodied; ਵਰ — O best.
Translation
O best of the embodied beings, the physical nature, which is constantly changing, is called adhibhūta [the material manifestation]. The universal form of the Lord, which includes all the demigods, like those of the sun and moon, is called adhidaiva. And I, the Supreme Lord, represented as the Supersoul in the heart of every embodied being, am called adhiyajña [the Lord of sacrifice].
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਅਂਤਕਾਲੇ ਚ ਮਾਮੇਵ ਸ੍ਮਰਨ੍ਮੁਕ੍ਤ੍ਵਾ ਕਲੇਵਰਮ੍ ।
ਯਃ ਪ੍ਰਯਾਤਿ ਸ ਮਦ੍ਭਆਵਂ ਯਾਤਿ ਨਾਸ੍ਤ੍ਯਤ੍ਰ ਸਂਸ਼ਯਃ ॥ 5 ॥
Meaning
ਅਂਤ-ਕਾਲੇ — at the end of life; ਚ — also; ਮਾਮ੍ — Me; ਏਵ — certainly; ਸ੍ਮਰਨ੍ — remembering; ਮੁਕ੍ਤ੍ਵਾ — quitting; ਕਲੇਵਰਮ੍ — the body; ਯਃ — he who; ਪ੍ਰਯਾਤਿ — goes; ਸਃ — he; ਮਤ੍-ਭਾਵਮ੍ — My nature; ਯਾਤਿ — achieves; ਨ — not; ਅਸ੍ਤਿ — there is; ਅਤ੍ਰ — here; ਸਂਸ਼ਯਃ — doubt.
Translation
And whoever, at the end of his life, quits his body remembering Me alone at once attains My nature. Of this there is no doubt.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਯਂ ਯਂ ਵਾਪਿ ਸ੍ਮਰਨ੍ਭਾਵਂ ਤ੍ਯਜਤ੍ਯਂਤੇ ਕਲੇਵਰਮ੍ ।
ਤਂ ਤਮੇਵੈਤਿ ਕੌਂਤੇਯ ਸਦਾ ਤਦ੍ਭਆਵਭਾਵਿਤਃ ॥ 6 ॥
Meaning
ਯਂ ਯਮ੍ — whatever; ਵਾ ਅਪਿ — at all; ਸ੍ਮਰਨ੍ — remembering; ਭਾਵਮ੍ — nature; ਤ੍ਯਜਤਿ — gives up; ਅਂਤੇ — at the end; ਕਲੇਵਰਮ੍ — this body; ਤਂ ਤਮ੍ — similar; ਏਵ — certainly; ਏਤਿ — gets; ਕੌਂਤੇਯ — O son of Kuntī; ਸਦਾ — always; ਤਤ੍ — that; ਭਾਵ — state of being; ਭਾਵਿਤਃ — remembering.
Translation
Whatever state of being one remembers when he quits his body, O son of Kuntī, that state he will attain without fail.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਤਸ੍ਮਾਤ੍ਸਰ੍ਵੇਸ਼ੁ ਕਾਲੇਸ਼ੁ ਮਾਮਨੁਸ੍ਮਰ ਯੁਧ੍ਯ ਚ ।
ਮਯ੍ਯਰ੍ਪਿਤਮਨੋਬੁਦ੍ਧਿਰ੍ਮਾਮੇਵੈਸ਼੍ਯਸ੍ਯਸਂਸ਼ਯਃ ॥ 7 ॥
Meaning
ਤਸ੍ਮਾਤ੍ — therefore; ਸਰ੍ਵੇਸ਼ੁ — at all; ਕਾਲੇਸ਼ੁ — times; ਮਾਮ੍ — Me; ਅਨੁਸ੍ਮਰ — go on remembering; ਯੁਧ੍ਯ — fight; ਚ — also; ਮਯਿ — unto Me; ਅਰ੍ਪਿਤ — surrendering; ਮਨਃ — mind; ਬੁਦ੍ਧਿਃ — intellect; ਮਾਮ੍ — unto Me; ਏਵ — surely; ਏਸ਼੍ਯਸਿ — you will attain; ਅਸਂਸ਼ਯਃ — beyond a doubt.
Translation
Therefore, Arjuna, you should always think of Me in the form of Kriṣṇa and at the same time carry out your prescribed duty of fighting. With your activities dedicated to Me and your mind and intelligence fixed on Me, you will attain Me without doubt.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਅਭ੍ਯਾਸਯੋਗਯੁਕ੍ਤੇਨ ਚੇਤਸਾ ਨਾਨ੍ਯਗਾਮਿਨਾ ।
ਪਰਮਂ ਪੁਰੁਸ਼ਂ ਦਿਵ੍ਯਂ ਯਾਤਿ ਪਾਰ੍ਥਾਨੁਚਿਂਤਯਨ੍ ॥ 8 ॥
Meaning
ਅਭ੍ਯਾਸ-ਯੋਗ — in the practice of meditation; ਯੁਕ੍ਤੇਨ — being engaged; ਚੇਤਸਾ — by the mind and intelligence; ਨ ਅਨ੍ਯ-ਗਾਮਿਨਾ — without their being deviated; ਪਰਮਮ੍ — the Supreme; ਪੁਰੁਸ਼ਮ੍ — Personality of Godhead; ਦਿਵ੍ਯਮ੍ — transcendental; ਯਾਤਿ — one achieves; ਪਾਰ੍ਥ — O son of Prithā; ਅਨੁਚਿਂਤਯਨ੍ — constantly thinking of.
Translation
He who meditates on Me as the Supreme Personality of Godhead, his mind constantly engaged in remembering Me, undeviated from the path, he, O Pārtha, is sure to reach Me.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਕਵਿਂ ਪੁਰਾਣਮਨੁਸ਼ਾਸਿਤਾਰ-
ਮਣੋਰਣੀਯਾਂਸਮਨੁਸ੍ਮਰੇਦ੍ਯਃ ।
ਸਰ੍ਵਸ੍ਯ ਧਾਤਾਰਮਚਿਂਤ੍ਯਰੂਪ-
ਮਾਦਿਤ੍ਯਵਰ੍ਣਂ ਤਮਸਃ ਪਰਸ੍ਤਾਤ੍ ॥ 9 ॥
Meaning
ਕਵਿਮ੍ — the one who knows everything; ਪੁਰਾਣਮ੍ — the oldest; ਅਨੁਸ਼ਾਸਿਤਾਰਮ੍ — the controller; ਅਣੋਃ — than the atom; ਅਣੀਯਾਂਸਮ੍ — smaller; ਅਨੁਸ੍ਮਰੇਤ੍ — always thinks of; ਯਃ — one who; ਸਰ੍ਵਸ੍ਯ — of everything; ਧਾਤਾਰਮ੍ — the maintainer; ਅਚਿਂਤ੍ਯ — inconceivable; ਰੂਪਮ੍ — whose form; ਆਦਿਤ੍ਯ-ਵਰ੍ਣਮ੍ — luminous like the sun; ਤਮਸਃ — to darkness; ਪਰਸ੍ਤਾਤ੍ — transcendental.
Translation
One should meditate upon the Supreme Person as the one who knows everything, as He who is the oldest, who is the controller, who is smaller than the smallest, who is the maintainer of everything, who is beyond all material conception, who is inconceivable, and who is always a person. He is luminous like the sun, and He is transcendental, beyond this material nature.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਪ੍ਰਯਾਣਕਾਲੇ ਮਨਸਾਚਲੇਨ
ਭਕ੍ਤ੍ਯਆ ਯੁਕ੍ਤੋ ਯੋਗਬਲੇਨ ਚੈਵ ।
ਭ੍ਰੁਵੋਰ੍ਮਧ੍ਯੇ ਪ੍ਰਾਣਮਾਵੇਸ਼੍ਯ ਸਮ੍ਯ-
ਕ੍ਸ ਤਂ ਪਰਂ ਪੁਰੁਸ਼ਮੁਪੈਤਿ ਦਿਵ੍ਯਮ੍ ॥ 10 ॥
Meaning
ਪ੍ਰਯਾਣ-ਕਾਲੇ — at the time of death; ਮਨਸਾ — by the mind; ਅਚਲੇਨ — without its being deviated; ਭਕ੍ਤ੍ਯਾ — in full devotion; ਯੁਕ੍ਤਃ — engaged; ਯੋਗ-ਬਲੇਨ — by the power of mystic yoga; ਚ — also; ਏਵ — certainly; ਭ੍ਰੁਵੋਃ — the two eyebrows; ਮਧ੍ਯੇ — between; ਪ੍ਰਾਣਮ੍ — the life air; ਆਵੇਸ਼੍ਯ — establishing; ਸਮ੍ਯਕ੍ — completely; ਸਃ — he; ਤਮ੍ — that; ਪਰਮ੍ — transcendental; ਪੁਰੁਸ਼ਮ੍ — Personality of Godhead; ਉਪੈਤਿ — achieves; ਦਿਵ੍ਯਮ੍ — in the spiritual kingdom.
Translation
One who, at the time of death, fixes his life air between the eyebrows and, by the strength of yoga, with an undeviating mind, engages himself in remembering the Supreme Lord in full devotion, will certainly attain to the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਯਦਕ੍ਸ਼ਰਂ ਵੇਦਵਿਦੋ ਵਦਂਤਿ
ਵਿਸ਼ਂਤਿ ਯਦ੍ਯਤਯੋ ਵੀਤਰਾਗਾਃ ।
ਯਦਿਚ੍ਛਂਤੋ ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮਚਰ੍ਯਂ ਚਰਂਤਿ
ਤਤ੍ਤੇ ਪਦਂ ਸਂਗ੍ਰਹੇਣ ਪ੍ਰਵਕ੍ਸ਼੍ਯੇ ॥ 11 ॥
Meaning
ਯਤ੍ — that which; ਅਕ੍ਸ਼ਰਮ੍ — syllable oM; ਵੇਦ-ਵਿਦਃ — persons conversant with the Vedas; ਵਦਂਤਿ — say; ਵਿਸ਼ਂਤਿ — enter; ਯਤ੍ — in which; ਯਤਯਃ — great sages; ਵੀਤ-ਰਾਗਾਃ — in the renounced order of life; ਯਤ੍ — that which; ਇਚ੍ਚਂਤਃ — desiring; ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ-ਚਰ੍ਯਮ੍ — celibacy; ਚਰਂਤਿ — practice; ਤਤ੍ — that; ਤੇ — unto you; ਪਦਮ੍ — situation; ਸਂਗ੍ਰਹੇਣ — in summary; ਪ੍ਰਵਕ੍ਸ਼੍ਯੇ — I shall explain.
Translation
Persons who are learned in the Vedas, who utter oM-kāra, and who are great sages in the renounced order enter into Brahman. Desiring such perfection, one practices celibacy. I shall now briefly explain to you this process by which one may attain salvation.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਸਰ੍ਵਦ੍ਵਾਰਾਣਿ ਸਂਯਮ੍ਯ ਮਨੋ ਹ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਦਿ ਨਿਰੁਧ੍ਯ ਚ ।
ਮੂਧ੍ਨ੍ਰ੍ਯਾਧਾਯਾਤ੍ਮਨਃ ਪ੍ਰਾਣਮਾਸ੍ਥਿਤੋ ਯੋਗਧਾਰਣਾਮ੍ ॥ 12 ॥
Meaning
ਸਰ੍ਵ-ਦ੍ਵਾਰਾਣਿ — all the doors of the body; ਸਂਯਮ੍ਯ — controlling; ਮਨਃ — the mind; ਹ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਦਿ — in the heart; ਨਿਰੁਧ੍ਯ — confining; ਚ — also; ਮੂਰ੍ਧ੍ਨਿ — on the head; ਆਧਾਯ — fixing; ਆਤ੍ਮਨਃ — of the soul; ਪ੍ਰਾਣਮ੍ — the life air; ਆਸ੍ਥਿਤਃ — situated in; ਯੋਗ-ਧਾਰਣਾਮ੍ — the yogic situation.
Translation
The yogic situation is that of detachment from all sensual engagements. Closing all the doors of the senses and fixing the mind on the heart and the life air at the top of the head, one establishes himself in yoga.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਓਂ ਇਤ੍ਯੇਕਾਕ੍ਸ਼ਰਂ ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ ਵ੍ਯਾਹਰਨ੍ਮਾਮਨੁਸ੍ਮਰਨ੍ ।
ਯਃ ਪ੍ਰਯਾਤਿ ਤ੍ਯਜਂਦੇਹਂ ਸ ਯਾਤਿ ਪਰਮਾਂ ਗਤਿਮ੍ ॥ 13 ॥
Meaning
ਓਂ — the combination of letters oM (oM-kāra); ਇਤਿ — thus; ਏਕ-ਅਕ੍ਸ਼ਰਮ੍ — the one syllable; ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ — absolute; ਵ੍ਯਾਹਰਨ੍ — vibrating; ਮਾਮ੍ — Me (Kriṣṇa); ਅਨੁਸ੍ਮਰਨ੍ — remembering; ਯਃ — anyone who; ਪ੍ਰਯਾਤਿ — leaves; ਤ੍ਯਜਨ੍ — quitting; ਦੇਹਮ੍ — this body; ਸਃ — he; ਯਾਤਿ — achieves; ਪਰਮਾਮ੍ — the supreme; ਗਤਿਮ੍ — destination.
Translation
After being situated in this yoga practice and vibrating the sacred syllable oM, the supreme combination of letters, if one thinks of the Supreme Personality of Godhead and quits his body, he will certainly reach the spiritual planets.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਅਨਨ੍ਯਚੇਤਾਃ ਸਤਤਂ ਯੋ ਮਾਂ ਸ੍ਮਰਤਿ ਨਿਤ੍ਯਸ਼ਃ ।
ਤਸ੍ਯਾਹਂ ਸੁਲਭਃ ਪਾਰ੍ਥ ਨਿਤ੍ਯਯੁਕ੍ਤਸ੍ਯ ਯੋਗਿਨਃ ॥ 14 ॥
Meaning
ਅਨਨ੍ਯ-ਚੇਤਾਃ — without deviation of the mind; ਸਤਤਮ੍ — always; ਯਃ — anyone who; ਮਾਮ੍ — Me (Kriṣṇa); ਸ੍ਮਰਤਿ — remembers; ਨਿਤ੍ਯਸ਼ਃ — regularly; ਤਸ੍ਯ — to him; ਅਹਮ੍ — I am; ਸੁ-ਲਭਃ — very easy to achieve; ਪਾਰ੍ਥ — O son of Prithā; ਨਿਤ੍ਯ — regularly; ਯੁਕ੍ਤਸ੍ਯ — engaged; ਯੋਗਿਨਃ — for the devotee.
Translation
For one who always remembers Me without deviation, I am easy to obtain, O son of Prithā, because of his constant engagement in devotional service.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਮਾਮੁਪੇਤ੍ਯ ਪੁਨਰ੍ਜਨ੍ਮ ਦੁਃਖਾਲਯਮਸ਼ਾਸ਼੍ਵਤਮ੍ ।
ਨਾਪ੍ਨੁਵਂਤਿ ਮਹਾਤ੍ਮਾਨਃ ਸਂਸਿਦ੍ਧਿਂ ਪਰਮਾਂ ਗਤਾਃ ॥ 15 ॥
Meaning
ਮਾਮ੍ — Me; ਉਪੇਤ੍ਯ — achieving; ਪੁਨਃ — again; ਜਨ੍ਮ — birth; ਦੁਃਖ-ਆਲਯਮ੍ — place of miseries; ਅਸ਼ਾਸ਼੍ਵਤਮ੍ — temporary; ਨ — never; ਆਪ੍ਨੁਵਂਤਿ — attain; ਮਹਾ-ਆਤ੍ਮਾਨਃ — the great souls; ਸਂਸਿਦ੍ਧਿਮ੍ — perfection; ਪਰਮਾਮ੍ — ultimate; ਗਤਾਃ — having achieved.
Translation
After attaining Me, the great souls, who are yogīs in devotion, never return to this temporary world, which is full of miseries, because they have attained the highest perfection.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਆਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮਭੁਵਨਾਲ੍ਲੋਕਾਃ ਪੁਨਰਾਵਰ੍ਤਿਨੋਰ੍ਜੁਨ ।
ਮਾਮੁਪੇਤ੍ਯ ਤੁ ਕੌਂਤੇਯ ਪੁਨਰ੍ਜਨ੍ਮ ਨ ਵਿਦ੍ਯਤੇ ॥ 16 ॥
Meaning
ਆ-ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ-ਭੁਵਨਾਤ੍ — up to the Brahmaloka planet; ਲੋਕਾਃ — the planetary systems; ਪੁਨਃ — again; ਆਵਰ੍ਤਿਨਃ — returning; ਅਰ੍ਜੁਨ — O Arjuna; ਮਾਮ੍ — unto Me; ਉਪੇਤ੍ਯ — arriving; ਤੁ — but; ਕੌਂਤੇਯ — O son of Kuntī; ਪੁਨਃ ਜਨ੍ਮ — rebirth; ਨ — never; ਵਿਦ੍ਯਤੇ — takes place.
Translation
From the highest planet in the material world down to the lowest, all are places of misery wherein repeated birth and death take place. But one who attains to My abode, O son of Kuntī, never takes birth again.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਸਹਸ੍ਰਯੁਗਪਰ੍ਯਂਤਮਹਰ੍ਯਦ੍ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮਣੋ ਵਿਦੁਃ ।
ਰਾਤ੍ਰਿਂ ਯੁਗਸਹਸ੍ਰਾਂਤਾਂ ਤੇਹੋਰਾਤ੍ਰਵਿਦੋ ਜਨਾਃ ॥ 17 ॥
Meaning
ਸਹਸ੍ਰ — one thousand; ਯੁਗ — millenniums; ਪਰ੍ਯਂਤਮ੍ — including; ਅਹਃ — day; ਯਤ੍ — that which; ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮਣਃ — of Brahmā; ਵਿਦੁਃ — they know; ਰਾਤ੍ਰਿਮ੍ — night; ਯੁਗ — millenniums; ਸਹਸ੍ਰ-ਅਂਤਾਮ੍ — similarly, ending after one thousand; ਤੇ — they; ਅਹਃ-ਰਾਤ੍ਰ — day and night; ਵਿਦਃ — who understand; ਜਨਾਃ — people.
Translation
By human calculation, a thousand ages taken together form the duration of Brahmā’s one day. And such also is the duration of his night.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਅਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤਾਦ੍ ਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤਯਃ ਸਰ੍ਵਾਃ ਪ੍ਰਭਵਂਤ੍ਯਹਰਾਗਮੇ ।
ਰਾਤ੍ਰ੍ਯਾਗਮੇ ਪ੍ਰਲੀਯਂਤੇ ਤਤ੍ਰੈਵਾਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤਸਂਜ੍ਞਕੇ ॥ 18 ॥
Meaning
ਅਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤਾਤ੍ — from the unmanifest; ਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤਯਃ — living entities; ਸਰ੍ਵਾਃ — all; ਪ੍ਰਭਵਂਤਿ — become manifest; ਅਹਃ-ਆਗਮੇ — at the beginning of the day; ਰਾਤ੍ਰਿ-ਆਗਮੇ — at the fall of night; ਪ੍ਰਲੀਯਂਤੇ — are annihilated; ਤਤ੍ਰ — into that; ਏਵ — certainly; ਅਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤ — the unmanifest; ਸਂਜ੍ਞਕੇ — which is called.
Translation
At the beginning of Brahmā’s day, all living entities become manifest from the unmanifest state, and thereafter, when the night falls, they are merged into the unmanifest again.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਭੂਤਗ੍ਰਾਮਃ ਸ ਏਵਾਯਂ ਭੂਤ੍ਵਾ ਭੂਤ੍ਵਾ ਪ੍ਰਲੀਯਤੇ ।
ਰਾਤ੍ਰ੍ਯਾਗਮੇਵਸ਼ਃ ਪਾਰ੍ਥ ਪ੍ਰਭਵਤ੍ਯਹਰਾਗਮੇ ॥ 19 ॥
Meaning
ਭੂਤ-ਗ੍ਰਾਮਃ — the aggregate of all living entities; ਸਃ — these; ਏਵ — certainly; ਅਯਮ੍ — this; ਭੂਤ੍ਵਾ ਭੂਤ੍ਵਾ — repeatedly taking birth; ਪ੍ਰਲੀਯਤੇ — is annihilated; ਰਾਤ੍ਰਿ — of night; ਆਗਮੇ — on the arrival; ਅਵਸ਼ਃ — automatically; ਪਾਰ੍ਥ — O son of Prithā; ਪ੍ਰਭਵਤਿ — is manifest; ਅਹਃ — of daytime; ਆਗਮੇ — on the arrival.
Translation
Again and again, when Brahmā’s day arrives, all living entities come into being, and with the arrival of Brahmā’s night they are helplessly annihilated.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਪਰਸ੍ਤਸ੍ਮਾਤ੍ਤੁ ਭਾਵੋਨ੍ਯੋਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤੋਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤਾਤ੍ਸਨਾਤਨਃ ।
ਯਃ ਸ ਸਰ੍ਵੇਸ਼ੁ ਭੂਤੇਸ਼ੁ ਨਸ਼੍ਯਤ੍ਸੁ ਨ ਵਿਨਸ਼੍ਯਤਿ ॥ 20 ॥
Meaning
ਪਰਃ — transcendental; ਤਸ੍ਮਾਤ੍ — to that; ਤੁ — but; ਭਾਵਃ — nature; ਅਨ੍ਯਃ — another; ਅਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤਃ — unmanifest; ਅਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤਾਤ੍ — to the unmanifest; ਸਨਾਤਨਃ — eternal; ਯਃ ਸਃ — that which; ਸਰ੍ਵੇਸ਼ੁ — all; ਭੂਤੇਸ਼ੁ — manifestation; ਨਸ਼੍ਯਤ੍ਸੁ — being annihilated; ਨ — never; ਵਿਨਸ਼੍ਯਤਿ — is annihilated.
Translation
Yet there is another unmanifest nature, which is eternal and is transcendental to this manifested and unmanifested matter. It is supreme and is never annihilated. When all in this world is annihilated, that part remains as it is.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਅਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤੋਕ੍ਸ਼ਰ ਇਤ੍ਯੁਕ੍ਤਸ੍ਤਮਾਹੁਃ ਪਰਮਾਂ ਗਤਿਮ੍ ।
ਯਂ ਪ੍ਰਾਪ੍ਯ ਨ ਨਿਵਰ੍ਤਂਤੇ ਤਦ੍ਧਾਮ ਪਰਮਂ ਮਮ ॥ 21 ॥
Meaning
ਅਵ੍ਯਕ੍ਤਃ — unmanifested; ਅਕ੍ਸ਼ਰਃ — infallible; ਇਤਿ — thus; ਉਕ੍ਤਃ — is said; ਤਮ੍ — that; ਆਹੁਃ — is known; ਪਰਮਾਮ੍ — the ultimate; ਗਤਿਮ੍ — destination; ਯਮ੍ — which; ਪ੍ਰਾਪ੍ਯ — gaining; ਨ — never; ਨਿਵਰ੍ਤਂਤੇ — come back; ਤਤ੍ — that; ਧਾਮ — abode; ਪਰਮਮ੍ — supreme; ਮਮ — My.
Translation
That which the Vedāntists describe as unmanifest and infallible, that which is known as the supreme destination, that place from which, having attained it, one never returns – that is My supreme abode.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਪੁਰੁਸ਼ਃ ਸ ਪਰਃ ਪਾਰ੍ਥ ਭਕ੍ਤ੍ਯਆ ਲਭ੍ਯਸ੍ਤ੍ਵਨਨ੍ਯਯਾ ।
ਯਸ੍ਯਾਂਤਃਸ੍ਥਾਨਿ ਭੂਤਾਨਿ ਯੇਨ ਸਰ੍ਵਮਿਦਂ ਤਤਮ੍ ॥ 22 ॥
Meaning
ਪੁਰੁਸ਼ਃ — the Supreme Personality; ਸਃ — He; ਪਰਃ — the Supreme, than whom no one is greater; ਪਾਰ੍ਥ — O son of Prithā; ਭਕ੍ਤ੍ਯਾ — by devotional service; ਲਭ੍ਯਃ — can be achieved; ਤੁ — but; ਅਨਨ੍ਯਯਾ — unalloyed, undeviating; ਯਸ੍ਯ — whom; ਅਂਤਃ-ਸ੍ਥਾਨਿ — within; ਭੂਤਾਨਿ — all of this material manifestation; ਯੇਨ — by whom; ਸਰ੍ਵਮ੍ — all; ਇਦਮ੍ — whatever we can see; ਤਤਮ੍ — is pervaded.
Translation
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is greater than all, is attainable by unalloyed devotion. Although He is present in His abode, He is all-pervading, and everything is situated within Him.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਯਤ੍ਰ ਕਾਲੇ ਤ੍ਵਨਾਵ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤ੍ਤਿਮਾਵ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤ੍ਤਿਂ ਚੈਵ ਯੋਗਿਨਃ ।
ਪ੍ਰਯਾਤਾ ਯਾਂਤਿ ਤਂ ਕਾਲਂ ਵਕ੍ਸ਼੍ਯਾਮਿ ਭਰਤਰ੍ਸ਼ਭ ॥ 23 ॥
Meaning
ਯਤ੍ਰ — at which; ਕਾਲੇ — time; ਤੁ — and; ਅਨਾਵ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤ੍ਤਿਮ੍ — no return; ਆਵ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤ੍ਤਿਮ੍ — return; ਚ — also; ਏਵ — certainly; ਯੋਗਿਨਃ — different kinds of mystics; ਪ੍ਰਯਾਤਾਃ — having departed; ਯਾਂਤਿ — attain; ਤਮ੍ — that; ਕਾਲਮ੍ — time; ਵਕ੍ਸ਼੍ਯਾਮਿ — I shall describe; ਭਰਤ-ਰੁਰੁਇਸ਼ਭ — O best of the Bhāratas.
Translation
O best of the Bhāratas, I shall now explain to you the different times at which, passing away from this world, the yogī does or does not come back.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਅਗ੍ਨਇਰ੍ਜ੍ਯੋਤਿਰਹਃ ਸ਼ੁਕ੍ਲਃ ਸ਼ਣ੍ਮਾਸਾ ਉਤ੍ਤਰਾਯਣਮ੍ ।
ਤਤ੍ਰ ਪ੍ਰਯਾਤਾ ਗਚ੍ਛਂਤਿ ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮਵਿਦੋ ਜਨਾਃ ॥ 24 ॥
Meaning
ਅਗ੍ਨਿਃ — fire; ਜ੍ਯੋਤਿਃ — light; ਅਹਃ — day; ਸ਼ੁਕ੍ਲਃ — the white fortnight; ਸ਼ਟ੍-ਮਾਸਾਃ — the six months; ਉਤ੍ਤਰ-ਅਯਨਮ੍ — when the sun passes on the northern side; ਤਤ੍ਰ — there; ਪ੍ਰਯਾਤਾਃ — those who pass away; ਗਚ੍ਚਂਤਿ — go; ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ — to the Absolute; ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮ-ਵਿਦਃ — who know the Absolute; ਜਨਾਃ — persons.
Translation
Those who know the Supreme Brahman attain that Supreme by passing away from the world during the influence of the fiery god, in the light, at an auspicious moment of the day, during the fortnight of the waxing moon, or during the six months when the sun travels in the north.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਧੂਮੋ ਰਾਤ੍ਰਿਸ੍ਤਥਾ ਕ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਸ਼੍ਣਃ ਸ਼ਣ੍ਮਾਸਾ ਦਕ੍ਸ਼ਿਣਾਯਨਮ੍ ।
ਤਤ੍ਰ ਚਾਂਦ੍ਰਮਸਂ ਜ੍ਯੋਤਿਰ੍ਯੋਗੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਪ੍ਯ ਨਿਵਰ੍ਤਤੇ ॥ 25 ॥
Meaning
ਧੂਮਃ — smoke; ਰਾਤ੍ਰਿਃ — night; ਤਥਾ — also; ਕ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਸ਼੍ਣਃ — the fortnight of the dark moon; ਸ਼ਟ੍-ਮਾਸਾਃ — the six months; ਦਕ੍ਸ਼ਿਣ-ਅਯਨਮ੍ — when the sun passes on the southern side; ਤਤ੍ਰ — there; ਚਾਂਦ੍ਰਮਸਮ੍ — the moon planet; ਜ੍ਯੋਤਿਃ — the light; ਯੋਗੀ — the mystic; ਪ੍ਰਾਪ੍ਯ — achieving; ਨਿਵਰ੍ਤਤੇ — comes back.
Translation
The mystic who passes away from this world during the smoke, the night, the fortnight of the waning moon, or the six months when the sun passes to the south reaches the moon planet but again comes back.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਸ਼ਉਕ੍ਲਕ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਸ਼੍ਣੇ ਗਤੀ ਹ੍ਯੇਤੇ ਜਗਤਃ ਸ਼ਾਸ਼੍ਵਤੇ ਮਤੇ ।
ਏਕਯਾ ਯਾਤ੍ਯਨਾਵ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤ੍ਤਿਮਨ੍ਯਯਾਵਰ੍ਤਤੇ ਪੁਨਃ ॥ 26 ॥
Meaning
ਸ਼ੁਕ੍ਲ — light; ਕ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਸ਼੍ਣੇ — and darkness; ਗਤੀ — ways of passing; ਹਿ — certainly; ਏਤੇ — these two; ਜਗਤਃ — of the material world; ਸ਼ਾਸ਼੍ਵਤੇ — of the Vedas; ਮਤੇ — in the opinion; ਏਕਯਾ — by one; ਯਾਤਿ — goes; ਅਨਾਵ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤ੍ਤਿਮ੍ — to no return; ਅਨ੍ਯਯਾ — by the other; ਆਵਰ੍ਤਤੇ — comes back; ਪੁਨਃ — again.
Translation
According to Vedic opinion, there are two ways of passing from this world – one in light and one in darkness. When one passes in light, he does not come back; but when one passes in darkness, he returns.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਨੈਤੇ ਸ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤੀ ਪਾਰ੍ਥ ਜਾਨਨ੍ਯੋਗੀ ਮੁਹ੍ਯਤਿ ਕਸ਼੍ਚਨ ।
ਤਸ੍ਮਾਤ੍ਸਰ੍ਵੇਸ਼ੁ ਕਾਲੇਸ਼ੁ ਯੋਗਯੁਕ੍ਤੋ ਭਵਾਰ੍ਜੁਨ ॥ 27 ॥
Meaning
ਨ — never; ਏਤੇ — these two; ਸ੍ਰੁਰੁਇਤੀ — different paths; ਪਾਰ੍ਥ — O son of Prithā; ਜਾਨਨ੍ — even if he knows; ਯੋਗੀ — the devotee of the Lord; ਮੁਹ੍ਯਤਿ — is bewildered; ਕਸ਼੍ਚਨ — any; ਤਸ੍ਮਾਤ੍ — therefore; ਸਰ੍ਵੇਸ਼ੁ ਕਾਲੇਸ਼ੁ — always; ਯੋਗ-ਯੁਕ੍ਤਃ — engaged in Kriṣṇa consciousness; ਭਵ — just become; ਅਰ੍ਜੁਨ — O Arjuna.
Translation
Although the devotees know these two paths, O Arjuna, they are never bewildered. Therefore be always fixed in devotion.
ਸ਼੍ਲੋਕਃ
ਵੇਦੇਸ਼ੁ ਯਜ੍ਞੇਸ਼ੁ ਤਪਃਸੁ ਚੈਵ
ਦਾਨੇਸ਼ੁ ਯਤ੍ਪੁਣ੍ਯਫਲਂ ਪ੍ਰਦਿਸ਼੍ਟਮ੍ ।
ਅਤ੍ਯੇਤਿ ਤਤ੍ਸਰ੍ਵਮਿਦਂ ਵਿਦਿਤ੍ਵਾ
ਯੋਗੀ ਪਰਂ ਸ੍ਥਾਨਮੁਪੈਤਿ ਚਾਦ੍ਯਮ੍ ॥ 28 ॥
Meaning
ਵੇਦੇਸ਼ੁ — in the study of the Vedas; ਯਜ੍ਞੇਸ਼ੁ — in the performances of yajña, sacrifice; ਤਪਃਸੁ — in undergoing different types of austerities; ਚ — also; ਏਵ — certainly; ਦਾਨੇਸ਼ੁ — in giving charities; ਯਤ੍ — that which; ਪੁਣ੍ਯ-ਫਲਮ੍ — result of pious work; ਪ੍ਰਦਿਸ਼੍ਟਮ੍ — indicated; ਅਤ੍ਯੇਤਿ — surpasses; ਤਤ੍ ਸਰ੍ਵਮ੍ — all those; ਇਦਮ੍ — this; ਵਿਦਿਤ੍ਵਾ — knowing; ਯੋਗੀ — the devotee; ਪਰਮ੍ — supreme; ਸ੍ਥਾਨਮ੍ — abode; ਉਪੈਤਿ — achieves; ਚ — also; ਆਦ੍ਯਮ੍ — original.
Translation
A person who accepts the path of devotional service is not bereft of the results derived from studying the Vedas, performing sacrifices, undergoing austerities, giving charity or pursuing philosophical and fruitive activities. Simply by performing devotional service, he attains all these, and at the end he reaches the supreme eternal abode.
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